Figure 2. Histological comparisons between seminiferous tubules in adult offspring produced by DFS-ICSI or natural mating.

(A) Seminiferous tubules in control mice show a normal shape with germ cells organized in concentric layers and exhibit ongoing germ cell production. (B) Abnormal seminiferous tubules observed in the testes of infertile DFS-ICSI-produced males (20% of the DFS-ICSI male mice with small testes); note their irregular shape and loss of germ cells in many atrophied seminiferous tubules. (C) The testis of an DFS-ICSI male showing reduced fertility (80% of DFS-ICSI males) containing both tubules showing a normal appearance and ongoing spermatogenesis as well as severely degenerated tubules, which are either empty or have only a small germ cell population (arrows).