Table 3. Independent risk factors for PJI after multivariate regression analysis.

Patient demographics/comorbid conditions	Odds ratio	95% CI	P
Diabetes	5.47	1.77–16.97	0.003
Age (65–75 y vs. 45–65 y)	3.36	1.30–8.69	0.013
BMI (≥28 kg/m2 vs. 18.5–28 kg/m2)	2.77	1.20–6.40	0.017
Place of residence (rural)	2.63	1.13–6.10	0.025
Alcohol abuse	2.95	1.06–8.23	0.039
Age (>75 y vs. 45–65 y)	2.54	0.83–7.79	0.103
Treatment of diabetes (insulin)	3.69	0.63–21.69	0.148
Chronic pulmonary disease	2.35	0.68–8.15	0.177
Hypertension	0.55	0.19–1.61	0.279
Substance abuse	1.80	0.45–7.21	0.408
Cerebral infarction	0.46	0.07–3.12	0.426
Dental procedure	1.71	0.38–7.70	0.487
Renal disease	1.43	0.43–4.80	0.559
Gout	1.51	0.32–7.10	0.600
Cardiovascular event	1.32	0.39–4.52	0.654
Chronic liver disease	1.34	0.36–5.04	0.663
Anemia	0.74	0.17–3.26	0.688
Tobacco use	1.29	0.35–4.76	0.703
Ankylosing spondylitis	0.62	0.05–7.43	0.704
BMI (<18.5 kg/m2 vs. 18.5–28 kg/m2)	1.55	0.12–20.16	0.740
Dental procedure with antibiotic	1.38	0.20–9.54	0.743
THA (vs. TKA)	0.89	0.37–2.12	0.789
Male (vs. female)	0.95	0.40–2.21	0.899
Age (<45 y vs. 45–65 y)	0.91	0.15–5.40	0.919
Prostatic disorder	0.94	0.23–3.87	0.930
Oncologic disease	0.90	0.08–10.69	0.936
Neurologic disease	0.94	0.10–8.95	0.958
History of tuberculosis	1.02	0.16–6.44	0.980
Diagnosis
Rheumatoid arthritis (vs. osteoarthritis)	2.81	0.69–11.47	0.151
Femoral head necrosis	2.02	0.52–7.89	0.314
Developmental dysplasia of the hip	1.54	0.40–5.89	0.527
Other	1.72	0.19–15.13	0.626
Fracture	0.83	0.24–2.89	0.772

Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence interval; THA, total hip arthroplasty; TKA, total knee arthroplasty.