Table 5. Data from previous studies examining risk factors (positive results in this article) for periprosthetic joint infection or surgical site infection in patients who underwent THA and TKA, in detail.
| Literatures | Patient demographics/comorbid conditions | Age, y | BMI, kg/m2 | Diabetes | Alcohol abuse |
| Bozic et al. (2013) | HR (95% CI), P-value | ≤44 vs. >75: 0.47 (0.13–1.70), 0.25; 45–54 vs. >75: 1.01 (0.43–2.36), 0.99; 55–64 vs. >75: 1.22 (0.59–2.54), 0.59; 65–74 vs. >75: 0.90 (0.40–2.00), 0.80 | Obesity: 2.12 (1.08–4.16), 0.03 | 1.11 (0.53–2.30), 0.79 | |
| Namba et al. (2013) | HR (95% CI), P-value | 1-year increment: 0.99 (0.98–1.00), 0.17 | ≥35 vs. <35: 1.47 (1.17–1.85), 0.01 | 1.28 (1.03–1.60), 0.03 | |
| Everhart et al. (2013) | OR (95% CI), P-value | ≥50: 5.28 (1.38–17.1), 0.01 | 1.83 (1.02–3.27), 0.05 | ||
| Poultsides et al. (2013) | OR (95% CI), P-value | 0–44 vs. 45–64: 1.70 (1.48–1.95), 0.01; 65–74 vs. 45–64: 0.90 (0.83–0.97), 0.01; ≥75 vs. 45–64: 0.98 (0.90–1.06), 0.23 | Obesity: 0.87 (0.78–0.97), 0.01 | Uncomplicated diabetes: 0.95 (0.86–1.04), 0.28 Complicated diabetes: 1.54 (1.22–1.94), 0.01 | 1.57 (1.23–2.00), 0.01 |
| Namba et al. (2012) | HR (95% CI), P-value | 1-year increment: 1.00 (0.98–1.01), 0.72 | <18.5 vs. 18.5–30: 2.88 (0.89–9.23), 0.08; 30–35 vs. 18.5–30: 1.56 (1.03–2.37), 0.04; ≥35 vs. 18.5–30: 2.37 (1.55–3.61), <0.01 | 1.25 (0.85–1.83), 0.26 | |
| Dale et al. (2012) | HR (95% CI), P-value | 40–51 vs. <40: 1.1 (0.8–1.5), 0.6; 60–69 vs. <40: 1.1 (0.8–1.5), 0.7; 70–79 vs. <40: 1.1 (0.8–1.5),0.6; 80–89 vs. <40: 0.9 (0.7–1.3), 0.8;≥90 vs. <40: 0.7 (0.4–1.4), 0.3 | |||
| Bozic et al. –THA(2012) | HR (95% CI), P-value | Obesity: 1.73 (1.35–2.22), 0.01 | 1.31 (1.12–1.53), 0.06 | 1.72 (0.98–3.01), 0.06 | |
| Bozic et al.–TKA (2012) | HR (95% CI), P-value | Obesity: 1.22 (1.03–1.44), 0.02 | 1.19 (1.06–1.34), 0.01 | 1.11 (0.63–1.97), 0.71 | |
| Song et al. (2012) | OR (95% CI), P-value | TKA and THA: 1.56 (1.10–2.21), >0.05 THA: 1.97 (1.20–3.22), >0.05 | |||
| Peel et al. (2011) | OR (95% CI), P-value | Knee replacement: 1.5 (0.9–2.7), 0.2; Hip replacement: 1.4 (0.8–2.2), 0.2; Hip and knee replacements: 1.4 (0.9–2.1), 0.06 | |||
| Pulido et al. (2008) | OR (95% CI), P-value | ≥40: 3.23 (1.6–6.5), 0.01 | |||
| Kasteren et al. (2007) | OR (95% CI), P-value | Per 10-year increase: 1.4 (1.0–2.1), 0.08 | |||
| Lai et al. (2007) | OR (95% CI), P-value | Obesity (BMI>30): NS | 3.91 (1.06–14.44), 0.04 | ||
| Ridgeway et al. (2005) | OR (95% CI), P-value | 65–74 vs. <65: 1.13 (0.85–1.50), <0.01; 75–79 vs. <65: 1.56 (1.16–2.10), <0.01; ≥80 vs. <65: 1.66 (1.24–2.21), <0.01 |
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; HR, hazard ratio; NS, not significant; OA, osteoarthritis; OR, odds ratio; THA, total hip arthroplasty; TKA, total knee arthroplasty; RR, relative risk.