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. 2014 Apr 18;9(4):e95426. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0095426

Table 4. Mean (SD) lumbar (α lumbar) and thoracic curvature angle (α thoracic) in the upright, flexed and extended sitting positions calculated with the vertebral bodies and the skin marker, as well as the mean differences (SD; RMSE) between the values from the skin marker and the vertebral bodies.

Upright Flexion Extension
Vertebral bodies Marker Vertebral bodies Marker Vertebral bodies Marker
Difference Difference Difference
αlumbar [°] −16.8 (11.5) 0.3 (4.3) −7.9 (13.2) 9.4 (12.6) −27.7 (7.3) −5.9 (14.2)
17.1 (8.0; 18.6) 17.3 (11.2; 20.2) 21.8 (8.1; 22.9)
αthoracic [°] 36.0 (12.4) 40.7 (10.0) 34.4 (10.2) 38.5 (10.1) 28.7 (10.9) 27.9 (9.4)
4.7 (11.4; 11.5) 4.0 (9.4; 9.5) −0.8 (8.3; 7.8)