Table 3.
Odds ratio of variables (missed class <3 times vs missed class ≥3 per semester)
| P-value | Unadjusted ORs (95% CI) | P-value | AOR (95% CI) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age |
<0.0001 |
1.18 (1.102, 1.257) |
0.020 |
1.19 (1.028, 1.374) |
|
| Grown up |
Urban (ref) |
|
|
|
|
| Rural |
<0.0001 |
0.46 (0.360, 0.579) |
<0.0001 |
0.41 (0.251, 0.663) |
|
| High school |
Governmental or public (ref) |
|
|
|
|
| Private |
<0.0001 |
2.56 (1.897, 3.453) |
0.030 |
2.10 (1.077, 4.103) |
|
| Missionary |
0.005 |
3.32 (1.429, 7.711) |
0.126 |
3.84 (0.686, 21.496) |
|
| University entrance examination score range |
Excellent (ref) |
|
|
|
|
| Very good |
<0.0001 |
0.41 (0.303, 0.565) |
0.107 |
0.645 (0.378, 1.100) |
|
| Good |
<0.0001 |
0.40 (0.283, 0.561) |
0.130 |
0.628 (0.344, 1.147) |
|
| Fair |
0.291 |
0.62 (0.260, 1.497) |
0.860 |
0.843 (0.127, 5.595) |
|
| Poor |
0.822 |
0.87 (0.269, 2.834) |
0.613 |
0.600 (0.083, 4.348) |
|
| Students mother or next of kin education level |
No education (ref) |
|
|
|
|
| Primary |
0.045 |
1.35 (1.007, 1.821) |
0.337 |
1.37 (0.723, 2.579) |
|
| Secondary |
<0.0001 |
1.87 (1.326, 2.630) |
0.969 |
0.98 (0.421, 2.297) |
|
| Diploma |
<0.0001 |
2.62 (1.791, 3.842) |
0.238 |
0.530 (0.185, 1.520) |
|
| Degree |
0.002 |
1.98 (1.277, 3.065) |
0.419 |
0.62 (0.197, 1.964) |
|
| Students father or next of kin education level |
No education (ref) |
|
|
|
|
| Primary |
0.739 |
0.95 (0.679, 1.316) |
0.476 |
0.78 (0.400, 1.534) |
|
| Secondary |
0.313 |
1.21 (0.836, 1.747) |
0.984 |
0.99 (0.431, 2.283) |
|
| Diploma |
0.001 |
1.90 (1.297, 2.769) |
0.553 |
0.76 (0.313, 1.863) |
|
| Degree |
<0.0001 |
1.97 (1.398, 2.785) |
0.587 |
0.76 (0.287, 2.027) |
|
| Place to have meal |
In the university cafeteria (ref) |
|
|
|
|
| Non-café |
0.001 |
1.65 (1.242, 2.202) |
0.498 |
1.27 (0.638, 2.522) |
|
| Money they get monthly from family or relatives |
Less than 100 birr (ref) |
|
|
|
|
| 100-200 birr |
0.326 |
1.28 (0.783, 2.083 |
0.037 |
2.50 (1.058, 5.900) |
|
| 200-300 birr |
0.044 |
1.62 (1.012, 2.586) |
0.016 |
2.92 (1.221, 6.969) |
|
| 300-500 birr |
<0001 |
2.28 (1.457, 3.550) |
0.014 |
3.00 (1.251, 7.209) |
|
| More than 500 birr |
<0001 |
3.70 (2.241, 6.101) |
0.060 |
2.71 (0.961, 7.618) |
|
| Field of study |
Medicine (ref) |
|
|
|
|
| Nursing |
<0001 |
0.17 (0.113, 0.241) |
<0.0001 |
0.11 (0.044, 0.253) |
|
| Midwifery |
<0001 |
0.19 (0.122, 0.292) |
0.001 |
0.20 (0.075, 0.514) |
|
| Medical laboratory technology |
<0001 |
0.20 (0.122, 0.316) |
0.005 |
0.21 (0.073, 0.624) |
|
| Health officer |
<0001 |
0.19 (0.136, 0.262) |
<0.0001 |
0.12 (0.061, 0.239) |
|
| Optometry |
<0001 |
0.23 (0.129, 0.397) |
0.003 |
0.13 (0.033, 0.487) |
|
| Environmental |
<0001 |
0.17 (0.077, 0.353) |
0.002 |
0.11 (0.026, 0.427) |
|
| Year of study |
1st year (ref) |
|
|
|
|
| 2nd year |
<0001 |
2.66 (1.660, 4.261) |
0.335 |
1.80 (0.545, 5.925) |
|
| 3rd year |
<0001 |
3.67 (2.267, 5.931) |
0.379 |
1.73 (0.511, 5.856) |
|
| 4th year |
<0001 |
4.65 (2.903, 7.435) |
0.352 |
1.81 (0.518, 6.354) |
|
| 5th year |
<0001 |
8.56 (4.636, 15.895) |
0.745 |
1.30 (0.267, 6.326) |
|
| Joined field of study as per choice |
Yes (ref) |
|
|
|
|
| No |
0.017 |
0.74 (0.571, 0.946) |
0.211 |
1.40 (0.828, 2.357) |
|
| Total number of students in a class (per one additional student) |
<0001 |
1.01 (1.009, 1.014) |
0.619 |
1.00 (0.995, 1.009) |
|
| Reason for missing classes |
Class schedule inconvenience |
<0001 |
1.93 (1.526, 2.426) |
<0.0001 |
3.40 (2.137, 5.405) |
| The subject does not need teachers guidance (simplicity) |
<0001 |
3.10 (2.105, 4.561) |
<0.0001 |
4.80 (2.403, 9.575) |
|
| Lack of interest to the subject |
0.002 |
2.07 (1.296, 3.312) |
0.087 |
2.19 (0.893, 5.352) |
|
| Do not like teachers teaching style |
<0001 |
2.74 (2.077, 3.611) |
0.014 |
1.83 (1.133, 2.954) |
|
| First year GPA |
0.065 |
1.33 (0.982, 1.810) |
0.020 |
0.52 (0.298, 0.903) |
|
| Social drug use |
Never used (ref) |
|
|
|
|
| Khat |
0.195 |
1.39 (0.846, 2.276) |
0.847 |
1.09 (0.465, 2.539) |
|
| Cigarette |
0.031 |
2.92 (1.100, 7.737) |
0.392 |
2.47 (0.311, 19.619) |
|
| Alcohol | 0.324 | 1.35 (0.745, 2.432) | 0.159 | 2.09 (0.750, 5.832) | |
Note: P-values in bold are statistically significant (p < 0.05).