Table 1.
Differences in Maternal and Infant Characteristics Between the Low-Risk Group and the High-Risk Group
| Characteristics | Low-risk group n (%) or mean (SD) (n=208) | High-risk group n (%) or mean (SD) (n=204) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Infant | |||
| Age, months | 3.05 (1.95) | 3.02 (1.95) | 0.89 |
| Male | 114 (54.8) | 111 (54.4) | 0.94 |
| First born | 116 (57.7) | 93 (46.5) | 0.03 |
| Gestational age at birth, weeks | 39.1 (1.12) | 39.1 (1.29) | 0.17 |
| Birth weight, kga | 3.37 (0.46) | 3.36 (0.46) | 0.90 |
| Maternal | |||
| Age, years | 34.7 (4.3) | 27.7 (5.7) | <0.001 |
| Race/ethnicity | |||
| White | 156 (77.2) | 10 (5.0) | <0.001 |
| Asian | 25 (12.4) | 10 (5.0) | |
| Hispanic | 13 (6.4) | 169 (83.7) | |
| Black | 3 (1.5) | 12 (5.9) | |
| Other | 5 (2.4) | 1 (0.5) | |
| US Born | 145 (71.1) | 34 (16.9) | <0.001 |
| Education, college graduate | 192 (96.0) | 33 (16.5) | <0.001 |
| Marital status, married | 190 (94.5) | 66 (33.2) | <0.001 |
| Working | 60 (30.0) | 31 (15.5) | 0.001 |
| Gestational diabetes | 12 (6.0) | 15 (7.6) | 0.53 |
| Prepregnancy BMIb | |||
| BMI, mean (SD) | 21.7 (2.9) | 25.9 (6.5) | <0.001 |
| Underweight, BMI <18.5 | 17 (9.3) | 8 (5.7) | <0.001 |
| Normal weight, BMI 18.5–24.9 | 143 (78.1) | 70 (49.6) | |
| Overweight, BMI 25–29.9 | 21 (11.5) | 38 (27.0) | |
| Obese, BMI ≥30 | 2 (1.1) | 25 (17.7) | |
a
n=378 with complete child birth weight data (low-risk group, n=205; high-risk group, n=173).
b
n=324 with complete maternal BMI data (low-risk group, n=183; high-risk group, n=141).
SD, standard deviation.