Table II.
Coronary revascularization among patients without prior CABG who were found to have a coronary chronic total occlusion.
| Variable | Medical Therapy (n = 128 patients) | PCI (n = 94 patients) | CABG (n = 97 patients) | Overall P | P for Medical therapy vs. PCI | P for Medical therapy vs. CABG | P for PCI vs. CABG |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 66 ± 9 | 64 ± 9 | 64 ± 7 | 0.26 | 0.09 | 0.16 | 0.63 |
| Male | 127 (99%) | 94 (100%) | 97 (100%) | 0.47 | 0.39 | 0.38 | N/A |
| Ethnicity | 0.19 | 0.07 | 0.43 | 0.41 | |||
| Caucasian | 92 (72%) | 79 (78%) | 69 (71%) | ||||
| Black | 32 (25%) | 14 (15%) | 21 (22%) | ||||
| Hispanic | 4 (3%) | 4 (4%) | 6 (6%) | ||||
| Other | 0 (0%) | 3 (3%) | 1 (1%) | ||||
| BMI (kg/m2) | 29 ± 7 | 31 ± 6 | 30 ± 6 | 0.09 | 0.05 | 0.22 | 0.48 |
| Hypertension | 109 (85%) | 83 (88%) | 89 (92%) | 0.32 | 0.50 | 0.13 | 0.43 |
| Dyslipidemia | 112 (88%) | 82 (87%) | 86 (89%) | 0.95 | 0.95 | 0.79 | 0.76 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 69 (54%) | 47 (50%) | 51 (53%) | 0.85 | 0.56 | 0.84 | 0.72 |
| Prior CVA | 26 (20%) | 13 (14%) | 16 (16%) | 0.44 | 0.21 | 0.47 | 0.61 |
| Prior CHF | 52 (41%) | 35 (37%) | 19 (20%) | 0.003 | 0.61 | <0.001 | 0.007 |
| Prior MI | 69 (54%) | 30 (32%) | 26 (27%) | <0.001 | 0.001 | <0.001 | 0.44 |
| Prior PCI | 56 (44%) | 30 (32%) | 25 (26%) | 0.02 | 0.07 | 0.005 | 0.35 |
| Tobacco History | 114 (89%) | 77 (82%) | 84 (87%) | 0.31 | 0.13 | 0.57 | 0.37 |
| Peripheral arterial disease | 39 (30%) | 15 (16%) | 23 (24%) | 0.04 | 0.01 | 0.26 | 0.18 |
| CKD | 31 (24%) | 12 (13%) | 12 (12%) | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.93 |
| Clinical presentation | 0.001 | <0.001 | 0.04 | 0.10 | |||
| Stable angina | 32 (25%) | 47 (50%) | 39 (40%) | ||||
| Acute coronary syndrome | 50 (39%) | 21 (22%) | 31 (32%) | ||||
| Ejection fraction (%) | 0.009 | 0.07 | 0.003 | 0.25 | |||
| LVEF ≥ 40% | 73 (57%) | 64 (69%) | 74 (76%) | ||||
| LVEF < 40% | 55 (43%) | 29 (31%) | 23 (24%) | ||||
| Number of vessels with CAD | <0.001 | 0.04 | <0.001 | <0.001 | |||
| 1 | 23 (18%) | 27 (29%) | 2 (2%) | <0.001 | 0.06 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| 2 | 41 (32%) | 35 (37%) | 14 (14%) | 0.001 | 0.42 | 0.002 | <0.001 |
| 3 | 64 (50%) | 32 (34%) | 81 (84%) | <0.001 | 0.02 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Left Main disease | 18 (14%) | 4 (4%) | 37 (38%) | <0.001 | 0.02 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| CTO Artery | 0.001 | <0.001 | 0.88 | 0.002 | |||
| RCA | 67 (64%) | 38 (51%) | 40 (62%) | 0.23 | 0.10 | 0.77 | 0.23 |
| LAD | 14 (13%) | 27 (36%) | 8 (12%) | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.85 | <0.001 |
| LCx | 24 (19%) | 9 (13%) | 17 (26%) | 0.09 | 0.07 | 0.63 | 0.03 |
| >1 CTO | 23 (18%) | 20 (21%) | 32 (33%) | 0.03 | 0.54 | 0.009 | 0.07 |
Data is presented as mean ± standard deviation or number (percent).
BMI=body mass index; CABG=coronary artery bypass graft; CAD=coronary artery disease; CHF=congestive heart failure; CKD=chronic kidney disease; CTO=chronic total occlusion; CVA=cerebrovascular accident; LAD=left anterior descending artery; LCx=left circumflex artery; LVEF=left ventricular ejection fraction; MI=myocardial infarction; PCI=percutaneous coronary intervention; RCA=right coronary artery