Table 5.
Outcome of DILI ALF: Transplant-Free Survival versus Transplantation Plus Death
| Transplant-Free Survival |
|||
|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | Yes (n = 36) (%)* | No (n = 97) (%)* | P |
| Age (years)† | 47.0 (30.5-54.5) | 43.0 (34.0-55.0) | 0.93† |
| Race‡ | 0.46‡ | ||
| White | 24 (31.6) | 52 (68.4) | |
| Black | 3 (14.3) | 18 (85.7) | |
| Hispanic | 5 (25.0) | 15 (75.0) | |
| Other | 4 (25.0) | 12 (75.0) | |
| Gender | 0.48 | ||
| Male | 12 (30.8) | 27 (69.2) | |
| Female | 24 (25.5) | 70 (74.5) | |
| Drug class§ | 0.93 | ||
| Antituberculosis | 7 (28.0) | 18 (72.0) | |
| Sulphur-containing | 3 (27.3) | 8 (72.7) | |
| Nitrofurantoin | 3 (27.3) | 8 (72.7) | |
| Antifungals | 1 (20.0) | 4 (80.0) | |
| CAMs, illicit drugs, etc. | 3 (21.4) | 11 (78.6) | |
| Antiepilepsy | 5 (45.5) | 6 (54.5) | |
| Antimetabolites | 2 (18.2) | 9 (81.8) | |
| Statins | 3 (30.0) | 7 (70.0) | |
| R value | 0.26 | ||
| Hepatocellular | 26 (26.5) | 72 (73.5) | |
| Mixed | 2 (16.7) | 10 (83.3) | |
| Cholestatic | 7 (43.8) | 9 (56.2) | |
| Discontinue time | 0.10 | ||
| Before onset of symptoms | 7 (28.0) | 18 (72.0) | |
| After onset of symptoms, before jaundice | 9 (47.4) | 10 (52.6) | |
| After onset of jaundice | 20 (23.3) | 66 (76.7) | |
| Coma grade | 0.001 | ||
| Grade 1 | 20 (47.6) | 22 (52.4) | |
| Grade 2 | 10 (23.8) | 32 (76.2) | |
| Grade 3 | 5 (18.5) | 22 (81.5) | |
| Grade 4 | 1 (4.5) | 21 (95.5) | |
| Interval (days) | |||
| Onset to coma | 12.0 (6.0-24.0) | 16.0 (9.0-27.0) | 0.26 |
| Jaundice to coma | 6.0 (0.0-14.0) | 10.5 (5.0-21.0) | 0.09 |
| NAC | 0.04 | ||
| Yes | 17 (38.6) | 27 (61.4) | |
| No | 19 (21.4) | 70 (78.6) | |
| BMI | 29.0 (25.1-34.4) | 28.5 (24.3-32.5) | 0.48 |
| MAP | 91.0 (76.0-96.5) | 86.0 (77.0-95.0) | 0.57 |
| Bilirubin (mg/dL) | 12.6 (5.2-24.1) | 22.2 (16.3 -29.8) | <0.001 |
| INR | 2.0 (1.7-3.5) | 2.9 (2.1-4.4) | 0.007 |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 1.1 (0.8-3.1) | 1.2 (0.8-2.8) | 0.73 |
| AST | 588.5 (389.0-1418.5) | 551.0 (267.0-1106.0) | 0.26 |
| ALT | 784.5 (258.0-2013.5) | 544.0 (253.0-1277.0) | 0.28 |
| Alkaline phosphatase | 166.0 (130.0-239.0) | 165.0 (118.0-220.0) | 0.57 |
| MELD score | 29.0 (23.0-36.0) | 34.0 (28.0-41.0) | 0.006 |
Abbreviation: NAC, n-acetylcysteine.
*
Number of subjects are also shown as percentage for each variable.
†
Continuous variables analyzed by Wilcoxon rank sum test.
‡
Only selected drug classes (or individual drugs) taken by six subjects or more were included in the analysis.
§
Categorical variables analyzed by chi-square or Fisher's exact test.