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. 2014 Mar 19;2(3):119–123. doi: 10.15171/ijhpm.2014.28

Table 3. Status of positive and negative defensive medicine commitment among studied population .

Variable (%) Number
Never 1–6 times More than 6 times
Positive defensive medicine behaviors Prescribing unnecessary Para-clinical orders 19.6 (83) 48.5 (205) 31.9 (135)
Prescribing unnecessary treatments 44.7 (189) 33.8 (143) 21.5 (91)
Prescribing unnecessary medicines 42.3 (179) 41.4 (175) 16.3 (165)
Referring patients to hospital who could be treated in ambulatory setting 52.2 (221) 33.6 (142) 14.2 (60)
Unnecessary referral of patients to specialists 11.6 (49) 47.3 (200) 41.1 (174)
Emphasizing patients to refer to physician timely 2.6 (11) 25.5 (108) 71.9 (304)
Providing more details on proper and timely medicine consumption 1.2 (5) 20.8 (88) 78 (330)
Asking patients more detail about their disease 1.9 (8) 20.1 (85) 78 (330)
Following up the success of a treatment employed for the patient 13.7 (58) 38.1 (161) 48.2 (204)
Keeping patients medical record 20.1 (85) 30.3 (128) 49.6 (210)
Providing patient more detail on the treatment method 3.3 (14) 24.8 (105) 71.9 (304)
Involving patient in choosing treatment method 7.3 (31) 34.3 (145) 58.4 (247)
Recording specific statements in patient record 75.2 (318) - 24.8 (105)
Negative defensive medicine behaviors Avoiding to provide high-risk procedures for patients however, these procedures might be useful for patients 31.4 (133) 35.9 (152) 32.6 (138)
Avoiding to admit high-risk patients
39.7 (168) 40.9 (173) 19.4 (82)