Table 4.

The association between the mental component summary and alcohol consumption with and without adjustment for smoking and socio-economic factors in a sample of Russian men aged 25–60 years

	n	Model 1	Model 2	Model 3	Model 4
		Mean diff.a(95% CI)b	Mean diff.a(95% CI)b	Mean diff.a(95% CI)b	Mean diff.a(95% CI)b
Frequency of alcohol consumption (any kind)	1028
Daily or nearly every day	85	0 [Ref]	0 [Ref]	0 [Ref]	0 [Ref]
1–4 times per week	481	1.26 (−0.83; 3.35)	1.18 (−0.94; 3.31)	0.83 (−1.30; 2.96)	0.90 (−1.22; 3.01)
1–3 times a month or less	330	1.19 (−0.98; 3.36)	1.02 (−1.21; 3.25)	0.65 (−1.59; 2.90)	0.81 (−1.42; 3.03)
Abstainer	132	0.89 (−1.59; 3.37)	0.79 (−1.73; 3.30)	0.44 (−2.09; 2.96)	0.66 (−1.84; 3.16)
P-value for heterogeneityc		0.68	0.74	0.88	0.87
P-value for trendc		0.76	0.88	0.97	0.84
Total volume beverage ethanol (litres per year)d	967
Abstainer	132	0 [Ref]	0 [Ref]	0 [Ref]
<2 litres	186	0.92 (−1.09; 2.94)	0.86 (−1.18; 2.90)	0.87 (−1.18; 2.92)	0.81 (−1.22; 2.84)
2–4 litres	201	0.41 (−1.57; 2.38)	0.39 (−1.60; 2.38)	0.48 (−1.52; 2.48)	0.42 (−1.57; 2.40)
5–9 litres	191	0.47 (−1.53; 2.46)	0.48 (−1.52; 2.50)	0.51 (−1.50; 2.52)	0.28 (−1.72; 2.27)
10–19 litres	156	0.74 (−1.35; 2.83)	0.77 (−1.33; 2.87)	0.70 (−1.41; 2.80)	0.32 (−1.78; 2.41)
20+ litres	101	−0.53 (−2.87; 1.82)	−0.48 (−2.85; 1.89)	−0.17 (−2.56; 2.21)	−0.34 (−2.71; 2.02)
P-value for heterogeneityc		0.82	0.86	0.93	0.94
P-value for trendc		0.72	0.82	0.91	0.66
Class of drinker	1013
Abstainer	132	−0.82 (−2.47; 0.83)	−0.81 (−2.47; 0.85)	−0.85 (−2.52; 0.82)	−0.66 (−2.32; 1.01)
Non-hazardous beverage drinkers	782	0 [Ref]	0 [Ref]	0 [Ref]	0 [Ref]
Hazardous beverage drinkers	49	−4.29 (−6.87; −1.70)	−4.22 (−6.83; −1.62)	−3.97 (−6.59; −1.35)	−3.53 (−6.14; −0.92)
Non-beverage alcohols drinkers	50	−4.91 (−7.47; −2.36)	−4.83 (−7.41; −2.24)	−4.58 (−7.20; −1.97)	−4.03 (−6.65; −1.41)
P-value for heterogeneityc		<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	0.002
P-value for trendc (not including abstainers)		<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001
Frequency of non-beverage alcohol consumptione	897
Beverage drinkers	845	0 [Ref]	0 [Ref]	0 [Ref]
Monthly or less	32	−2.08 (−5.20; 1.04)	−2.00 (−5.14; 1.14)	−1.86 (−5.04; 1.31)	−1.83 (−4.99; 1.32)
Daily to weekly	20	−7.23 (−11.16; −3.29)	−7.15 (−11.17; −3.13)	−6.89 (−10.87; −2.90)	−5.49 (−9.53; −1.45)
P-value for heterogeneityc		0.001	0.001	0.002	0.018
P-value for trendc		<0.001	<0.001	0.001	0.005

Model 1: adjusted for age (in 5-year categories); model 2: adjusted for age and smoking; model 3: adjusted for age, smoking, education, car and central heating and nationality; model 4: adjusted for age, smoking, education, car and heating, nationality and employment. All models are adjusted using linear regression.

^aMean difference from reference group;

^b95% confidence interval for mean difference;

^cfrom the partial F-test;

^d50 non-beverage alcohol consumers are excluded from this variable;

^e132 abstainers are excluded from this variable. [Ref] = reference group; CI = confidence interval.