Table 1.

Characteristics of included studies

	Region	n	Mean Age (years)	Male (%)	Black (%)	Smoking (%)	CVD (%)	HC (%)	HT (%)	DM (%)	Mean eGFR (ml/min/1.73 m2)	Median ACR (mg/g)	Mean follow up (years)	deaths
														total	CVD
ACR studies
ARIC	US	11,408	63	44	22	15	9	35	48	17	83	3.7	8.0	1,235	443
AusDiab*	Australia	11,244	52	45	0	16	8	71	33	8	79	4.9	7.9	667	166
Beijing	China	1,563	60	50	0	24	18	29	47	28	85	2.8	3.9	59	NA
CHS	US	3,230	78	40	16	8	29	31	50	15	79	8.8	7.6	1,487	562
COBRA	Pakistan	2,872	52	48	0	39	9	35	44	21	110	5.2	4.1	212	95
Framingham	US	2,956	59	47	0	15	6	24	40	10	87	6.4	10.5	301	93
Gubbio	Italy	1,684	55	45	0	31	5	47	39	5	78	8.6	10.7	119	NA
HUNT	Norway	9,525	62	45	0	20	23	61	83	18	84	7.5	9.3	1,916	981
MESA	US	6,705	62	47	28	13	0	9	45	13	81	5.3	4.7	222	NA
NHANES III	US	15,853	47	47	27	25	11	62	40	7	103	6.2	8.5	2,119	910
PREVEND	Netherlands	8,370	49	50	1	38	5	36	33	3	81	7.0	7.2	438	132
Rancho Bernardo	US	1,759	71	39	0	7	11	29	56	12	77	11.6	10.4	587	233
REGARDS	US	27,583	65	45	42	15	23	59	60	22	85	7.5	4.0	1,380	NA
ULSAM	Sweden	1,120	71	100	0	20	42	56	75	11	75	7.6	11.6	467	208
Dipstick studies
AKDN	Canada	690,680	47	45	NA	NA	2	NA	20	6	81	NA	2.3	14,628	NA
Beaver Dam	US	4,926	62	44	0	20	15	54	51	10	76	NA	11.6	1,576	709
ESTHER	Germany	9,350	62	45	0	16	17	46	60	11	88	NA	2.1	171	NA
MRC Older People	UK	12,158	81	39	0	11	17	NA	73	8	59	NA	6.4	6,927	2,936
Ohasama	Japan	1,466	63	34	0	14	3	18	37	10	80	NA	10.5	201	61
Severance	Korea	42,637	46	51	0	31	5	12	25	6	84	NA	8.8	1,291	239
Taiwan	Taiwan	367,093	42	50	0	24	3	14	18	5	84	NA	7.1	9,581	1,869

^*Included also in dipstick analyses

CVD: cardiovascular disease, HC: hypercholesterolemia, HT: hypertension, DM: diabetes mellitus, ACR: urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio.

The study acronyms and abbreviations are listed in webappendix p 25.