TABLE 5.

Suggested antimicrobials for treatment of PJI^a

Microorganism(s)	Preferred treatment	Alternate treatment	Combination therapyb
Methicillin-susceptible staphylococci	Cefazolin or nafcillin	Vancomycin, daptomycin, or linezolid	Rifampin for DAIR and one-stage exchange
Methicillin-resistant staphylococci	Vancomycin	Daptomycin or linezolid	Rifampin for DAIR and one-stage exchange
Penicillin-susceptible enterococci	Penicillin or ampicillin	Vancomycin, daptomycin, or linezolid	Consider aminoglycoside
Penicillin-resistant enterococci	Vancomycin	Daptomycin or linezolid	Consider aminoglycoside
Pseudomonas aeruginosa	Cefepime or meropenem	Ciprofloxacin or ceftazidime	Consider aminoglycoside or fluoroquinolone
Enterobacter species	Cefepime or ertapenem	Ciprofloxacin	No
Enterobacteriaceae	Beta-lactam or ciprofloxacin		No
Beta-hemolytic streptococci	Penicillin or ceftriaxone		No
Propionibacterium acnes	Penicillin or ceftriaxone		No

^aAll antimicrobials are to be given intravenously, except ciprofloxacin or linezolid. (Adapted from reference 60 by permission of Oxford University Press/Infectious Diseases Society of America.)

^bDAIR, debridement, antibiotics, and implant retention.