. 2014 Apr;80(7):2254–2260. doi: 10.1128/AEM.04070-13

TABLE 1.

Chemical properties in the pit mud

Variable	Values for cellar of age (yr)^a:
Variable	1	10	25	50
pH	3.57 ± 0.06^a	5.00 ± 0.78^ac	5.51 ± 0.64^bc	5.81 ± 0.33^bc
NH₄⁺ (g kg⁻¹)	1.86 ± 0.06^a	2.70 ± 0.47^ac	4.21 ± 0.67^b	3.55 ± 0.68^bc
Moisture (%)	43.3 ± 1.9^a	44.5 ± 2.9^a	45.1 ± 2.5^a	44.1 ± 5.0^a
Humic matter (%)	30.1 ± 3.6^a	26.4 ± 1.2^a	24.9 ± 7.3^a	21.4 ± 5.6^b
TN (%)	16.0 ± 0.6^a	16.8 ± 2.0^a	18.1 ± 2.1^a	16.2 ± 1.7^a
Acetic acid (g kg⁻¹)	4.13 ± 0.63^a	2.94 ± 0.70^a	4.37 ± 0.98^a	3.98 ± 0.86^a
Butyric acid (g kg⁻¹)	2.89 ± 0.20^a	1.77 ± 0.1^b	2.02 ± 0.63^b	1.63 ± 0.24^b
Caproic acid (g kg⁻¹)	5.79 ± 0.72^a	6.51 ± 3.35^a	20.0 ± 8.66^b	15.2 ± 7.7^b
Lactic acid (g kg⁻¹)	166.5 ± 12.5^a	59.1 ± 21.3^b	26.2 ± 10.3^b	29.8 ± 4.5^b

All data are presented as means ± standard deviations (n = 5). Values with different letters in a row mean significant differences at P < 0.05 as determined by ANOVA.