Effect of CARD9 deficiency on the Th1/Th17-related response. WT and CARD9 KO mice were infected intratracheally with C. neoformans. (A) Expression of IL-12p35, IL-6, TGF-β, and IL-23p19 on day 3 and of T-bet, ROR-γt, IFN-γ, and IL-17A on day 7 was measured in the lung homogenates by real-time PCR. Data are means and SD for five mice. (B) LN cells obtained on day 7 postinfection were stimulated with indicated doses of C. neoformans or ConA (1 μg/ml) for 48 h, and production of IFN-γ and IL-17A was measured. Data are means and SD of triplicate cultures. Experiments were repeated twice with similar results. NS, not significant; *, P < 0.05.