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Quantitative PCR detection of the abundance of antibiotic resistance genes in manure. Values are expressed as the ratio of resistance gene copy number to 16S rRNA gene copy number. Genes: bla, beta-lactamases; tetW, tetracycline resistance; aacA-aphD, bifunctional aminoglycoside-modifying enzyme; cat, chloramphenicol acetyltransferase. Barn manure 1 is a sample from a pool of untreated cows, and barn manure 2 originated from a pool of antibiotic-treated cows.
