Table 2.

Association between statin use and prevalence of OA phenotypes in the GOAL study

	Adjusted for age, sex, BMI			Adjusted for additional covariates
	OR*	95% CI	p Value	OR†	95% CI	p Value
Nodal OA	1.11	(0.59 to 2.09)	0.74	1.04	(0.53 to 2.05)	0.91
Hip OA	0.98	(0.70 to 1.38)	0.93	1.00	(0.68 to 1.48)	0.99
Knee OA	1.32	(0.99 to 1.75)	0.06	1.27	(0.91 to 1.77)	0.15
Knee and hip OA	1.04	(0.75 to 1.43)	0.83	0.92	(0.63 to 1.34)	0.66
Generalised hip OA	0.85	(0.52 to 1.38)	0.51	0.80	(0.47 to 1.35)	0.40
Generalised knee OA	0.91	(0.59 to 1.41)	0.67	0.79	(0.46 to 1.35)	0.40
Generalised knee and hip OA	0.66	(0.42 to 1.01)	0.06	0.63	(0.38 to 1.04)	0.07
All generalised OA	0.75	(0.59 to 0.94)	0.012	0.76‡	(0.59 to 0.97)	0.028

*OR=OR for association between statin use and OA. Association was assessed by logistic regression, with hip OA, knee OA or generalised OA being the outcome variables, statin use (yes/no) the independent variable, and including age, sex and Body Mass Index (BMI), as covariates.

†Further adjustment for a diagnosis of hypertenstion or any form of cardiovascular comorbidity, smoking (never smoked=0, ex-smoker=1, current smoker=2) and use of pain medication was also performed.

‡Additional adjustment for stroke, kidney disease, type 2 diabetes, and years with pain at the target joint OR=0.77 (0.60 to 0.99) p<0.048.

GOAL, genetics of OA and lifestyle; OA, osteoarthritis.

Bold font indicates a statistically significant (p<0.05) result.