. 2014 Mar 13;14:35. doi: 10.1186/1471-2261-14-35

Table 3.

Determinants of peak VO2, SBP, DBP, MAP, CP, ECP, and VO2/SBP (multivariable regression)

Parameter	VO₂,	SBP	DBP	MAP	CP_SBP	CP_MAP	ECP_Wasserman	ECP_Koch	ECP_Jones	VO₂/SBP
	β ± SE	β ± SE	β ± SE	β ± SE	β ± SE	β ± SE	β ± SE	β ± SE	β ± SE	β ± SE
Sex	675 ± 77.5‡	18.4 ± 3.6‡	4.3 ± 2.1*	9.1 ± 2.2‡	2300 ± 235‡	1370 ± 140‡	237 ± 764	1770 ± 764*	2080 ± 753†	2.4 ± 0.4‡
Age	−5.5 ± 4.5	0.8 ± 0.2‡	0.5 ± 0.1‡	0.6 ± 0.1‡	10.2 ± 13.6	10.2 ± 8.1	238 ± 44.3‡	153 ± 44.3‡	193 ± 43.7‡	−0.07 ± 0.03†
Height	23.6 ± 3.9‡	−0.12 ± 0.18	−0.26 ± 0.11*	−0.23 ± 0.1*	53.7 ± 11.9‡	24.2 ± 7.2‡	168 ± 38.6‡	117 ± 38.6†	−189 ± 38.0‡	0.12 ± 0.02‡
Weight	10.9 ± 2.2‡	0.42 ± 0.1‡	0.13 ± 0.06*	0.21 ± 0.06†	−29.4 ± 6.6‡	−21.0 ± 4.0‡	−59.7 ± 21.3‡	−46.5 ± 21.3*	136 ± 21.0‡	0.03 ± 0.01*
WHR	32.3 ± 460	28.9 ± 21.4	9.3 ± 12.6	17.2 ± 13.4	−92 ± 1390	531 ± 836	1730 ± 4530	3100 ± 4530	4120 ± 4480	−0.80 ± 2.6
PAI	78.5 ± 11.6‡	0.86 ± 0.54	−0.25 ± 0.32	0.07 ± 0.34	224 ± 35.1‡	118 ± 21.0‡	720 ± 114‡	746 ± 114‡	708 ± 112‡	0.34 ± 0.07‡
Smoking	−228 ± 63.2‡	0.41 ± 2.9	0.52 ± 1.7	0.48 ± 1.8	−619 ± 192†	−389 ± 114‡	−1790 ± 623†	−1870 ± 623‡	−1710 ± 614*	−1.1 ± 0.36†
Fasting insulin	−9.3 ± 3.1‡	0.26 ± 0.15	0.19 ± 0.1	0.25 ± 0.10*	−17.9 ± 9.5	−11.4 ± 6.5	−49.0 ± 30.8	−53.1 ± 30.8	−53.0 ± 30.3	−0.05 ± 0.02†
Fasting glucose	26.8 ± 39.6	−1.1 ± 1.8	−2.0 ± 1.1	−1.9 ± 1.2	158 ± 120	48.9 ± 72.9	381 ± 390	266 ± 390	243 ± 385	0.12 ± 0.23
AHT	−53.6 ± 96.8	2.4 ± 4.5	5.2 ± 2.6*	4.4 ± 2.8	−54.2 ± 294	9.6 ± 175	−327 ± 954	−114 ± 954	−486 ± 940	−0.39 ± 0.56
Whole Model R²	67%	36%	13%	26%	52%	49%	21%	21%	28%	49%

VO2: oxygen consumption; SBP: systolic blood pressure; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; MAP: mean arterial pressure; CP circulatory power, ECP: exercise cardiac power; WHR: waist-to-hip ratio; PAI: physical activity index; AHT: antihypertensive treatment; β: regression coefficient for a 1-unit change in parameter; SE: standard error. CP is given as a product of VO2 and SBP (CP_SBP) as well as a product of VO2 and MAP (CP_MAP). ECP is presented using the alternative VO2 reference value equations provided by Wasserman et al. [26], Koch et al. [25], and Jones et al. [24] and indexed correspondingly in the table as ECP_Wasserman, ECP_Koch, and ECP_Jones.

*p < 0.05; †p < 0.005, and ‡p < 0.001.