Table 3. Association between Patient Characteristics and Vitamin D Deficiency among HIV-Infected Participants (n = 278).
| Predictor | Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | p-value | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | p-value | ||
| Age, per 10 years | 0.70 | (0.48, 1.03) | 0.07 | 0.98 | (0.93, 1.02) | 0.35 |
| Black Race | 1.93 | (0.68, 5.50) | 0.22 | 3.26 | (0.88, 12.00) | 0.08 |
| BMI, per 1 kg/m2 | 1.00 | (0.96, 1.04) | 0.90 | 1.00 | (0.96, 1.05) | 0.84 |
| Fall/Winter Season* | 0.22 | (0.10, 0.52) | <0.001 | 0.20 | (0.08, 0.48) | <0.001 |
| Current Multivitamin Intake† | 0.50 | (0.29, 0.83) | 0.01 | 0.59 | (0.28, 0.87) | 0.01 |
| Serum albumin ≤3.5 g/dL | 2.63 | (1.33, 5.22) | 0.01 | 2.04 | (0.94, 4.45) | 0.07 |
| HCV Antibody Seropositive | 0.29 | (0.06, 1.29) | 0.10 | 0.24 | (0.05, 1.20) | 0.08 |
| Any Outpatient Visit† | 0.77 | (0.39, 1.50) | 0.44 | 0.89 | (0.42, 1.90) | 0.77 |
| HIV RNA level <40 copies/mL | 0.43 | (0.26, 0.73) | 0.002 | 0.61 | (0.30, 1.23) | 0.17 |
| Current HAART Use† | 0.62 | (0.37, 1.05) | 0.07 | 1.00 | (0.50, 1.96) | 0.99 |
Models adjusted for other variables in table.
*As compared to spring season of measurement.
†
In the previous 6 months.
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence interval; HCV, hepatitis C virus; HAART, highly active antiretroviral therapy; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; OR, odds ratio.