Table 4. Matched Cohort study between cirrhotics with and without infection.
| Cirrhosis with infection (n=38) | Cirrhosis without infection (n=38) | |
|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 56.0±6.9 | 58.4±6.8 |
| Gender (Male/Female) | 21/17 | 25/13 |
| Race (Caucasian/African-American/Hispanic/Other) | 21/9/5/3 | 20/13/8/0 |
| Body mass index | 29.2±6.7 | 30.1±6.5 |
| Cirrhosis etiology (HCV, Alcohol, HCV+Alcohol, NASH, others) | 11/12/6/6/1 | 16/9/6/5/2 |
| MELD score | 18.2±6.2 | 18.4±6.8 |
| History of | ||
| Variceal Bleeding | 5 (13%) | 4 (11%) |
| Hepatic Encephalopathy | 28 (73%) | 23 (61%) |
| Medications | ||
| Proton pump inhibitors | 25 (66%) | 24 (63%) |
| Non-selective beta-blockers | 16 (42%) | 14 (36%) |
| Lactulose | 15 (40%) | 18 (47%) |
| Rifaximin | 17 (45%) | 14 (37%) |
| On SBP prophylaxis | 3 (8%) | 6 (15%) |
| Endotoxin (EU/ml) | 1.60±1.2 | 0.65±0.45*** |
| Microbiota (median % abundance Phylum_Taxon) | ||
| Phylum Actinobacteria | ||
| Actinobacteria_Coriobacteriaceae | 0.2 | 0.5* |
| Phylum Bacteroidetes | ||
| Bacteroidetes_Bacteroidaceae | 4.3 | 21.1 |
| Phylum Firmicutes | ||
| Firmicutes_Streptococcaceae | 0.0 | 1.0 |
| Firmicutes_Clostridialies_XIV | 0.0 | 2.4*** |
| Firmicutes_Lachnospiraceae | 3.1 | 14.4*** |
| Firmicutes_Ruminococcaeae | 0.7 | 5.0*** |
| Firmicutes_Veillonellaceae | 0.0 | 1.6*** |
| Phylum Proteobacteria | ||
| Protoebacteria_Enterobacteriaceae | 1.4 | 0.0* |
| Cirrhosis Dysbiosis Ratio | 0.34 | 0.78*** |
There are no significant differences in the demographics, cirrhosis severity and medication use between the groups. Only microbiota with an abundance ≥1% in any group are shown.
*
p<0.05-0.01,
***
p<0.0001