Table 2.
Echocardiographic changes over 16 weeks (n=19)
| |
Training group |
Control group |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | Baseline (M±SD) | Peak (M±SD) | P value | Baseline (M±SD) | Peak (M±SD) | P value |
| Interventricular septum in diastole (cm) |
0.925±0.102 |
1.003±0.128 |
0.028 |
0.925±0.115 |
0.982±0.138 |
0.074 |
| Left ventricular internal diameter in diastole (cm) |
4.803±0.490 |
4.818±0.490 |
0.864 |
4.726±0.409 |
4.876±0.451 |
0.067 |
| Left ventricular posterior wall in diastole (cm) |
0.961±0.092 |
1.075±0.123 |
0.003 |
0.930±0.134 |
0.963±0.133 |
0.439 |
| Left ventricular mass (g) |
186.6±37.4 |
209.2±30.0 |
0.009 |
183.0±31.1 |
192.1±32.2 |
0.114 |
| Left ventricular mass index (g/m2) |
91.4±16.8 |
102.8±12.8 |
0.008 |
90.4±15.1 |
94.2±14.1 |
0.194 |
| Left ventricular end-diastolic volume (ml) |
118.4±23.8 |
144.1±29.6 |
0.002 |
124.7±32.7 |
133.1±30.8 |
0.186 |
| Left ventricular end-systolic volume (ml) |
45.8±16.4 |
52.4±16.7 |
0.195 |
43.4±14.0 |
48.0±14.8 |
0.11 |
| Ejection fraction (%) |
61.9±7.9 |
63.8±7.8 |
0.461 |
65.2±6.5 |
64.2±6.5 |
0.47 |
| Stroke volume (ml) |
72.6±14.0 |
91.6±20.9 |
0.001 |
81.2±22.3 |
85.1±20.4 |
0.411 |
| Peak early to late mitral annular velocities (E to A ratio) | 1.59±0.37 | 1.38±0.40 | 0.03 | 1.67±0.43 | 1.70±0.48 | 0.766 |
Table 1 shows comparison of echocardiographic changes between TRAIN and CON groups. The following significant changes occurred in the TRAIN group: (1) interventricular septal thickness increased from 0.925±0.102 cm to 1.003±0.128 cm (p=0.028), (2) posterior wall thickness in diastole increased from 0.961±0.092 cm to 1.075±0.123 cm (p=0.003), (3) LV mass increased from 186.6±37.4 g to 209.2±30.0 g (p=0.009), (4) LV mass index increased from 91.4±16.8 g/m2 to 102.8±12.8 g/m2 (p=0.008), (5) LV end diastolic volume increased from 118.4±23.8 ml to 144.1±29.6 ml (p=0.002), (5) stroke volume increased from 72.6±14.0 ml to 91.6±20. 9ml (p=0.001), and (6) the E to A ratio decreased from 1.59±0.37 to 1.38±0.40 (p=0.03). No significant changes occurred within the control group from baseline to 16 week follow-up.