Table 3.
Crude and adjusted risk of COPD (OR and 95% confidence interval)
| Variable | Bivariate | Adjusted |
|---|---|---|
| Male gender |
1.05 (0.61-1.89) |
0.93 (0.41-1.70) |
| Age in years |
|
|
| 40-49 yrs. |
1 |
1 |
| 50-59 yrs. |
1.67 (0.95-2.93) |
1.66 (0.94-2.95) |
| 60-69 yrs. |
1.70 (0.76-3.83) |
1.60 (0.70-3.66) |
| 70-80 yrs. |
3.34 (0.84-13.28) |
4.36 (1.03-18.48) |
| UAE National |
0.76 (0.39-1.43) |
0.68 (0.30-1.53) |
| Education |
|
|
| Primary |
1 |
1 |
| Diploma |
0.85 (0.24-2.97) |
0.89 (0.25-3.19) |
| College |
1.17 (0.69-1.99) |
1.15 (0.66-2.02) |
| Higher Education |
0.24 (0.03-1.84) |
0.27 (0.03-2.69) |
| Smoking any |
1.04 (0.58-1.87) |
1.10 (0.59-2.06) |
| Cigarette user |
1.05 (0.57-1.94) |
|
| Midwakh user |
0.92 (0.84-0.95) |
|
| Water pipe user |
0.87 (0.11-6.9) |
|
| Other user |
3.77 (0.38-37.40) |
|
| Biomass exposure |
1.67 (0.84-3.32) |
|
| Occupational exposure |
2.16 (1.26-3.68) |
2.07 (1.20-3.59) |
| Respiratory infection in childhood | 1.37 (0.45-4.12) |