Fig. 1.

Mean photoparoxysmal responses (PPR) range across 4 (1–6 h) treatment and baseline test periods, each on different days, for 6 patients with eye closure condition. Mean PPR was not reduced by carbamazepine (CBZ), but was reduced by levetiracetam (LEV) in all patients compared to placebo. *SPR = standardized photosensitive range; ^#patient 2 did not receive LEV per protocol because it was a background antiepileptic drug