Table 2.
Transmission blocking activity of Azadirachta indica and Guiera senegalensis extracts at 250 ppm (initial screening dosage) on Plasmodium falciparum oocyst
| Blood sample number | Gametocytes per μL blood | Treatment * and concentration | Prevalence of infected mosquitoes% (infected/total examined) | Number of oocysts/mosquito (CI 95 ) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 |
56 |
control |
53 (10/19) |
1.79 (0.30-3.28) |
| |
|
NA 250 ppm |
0 (0/22) |
0.00 |
| control |
58 (15/26) |
3.23 (1.34-5.12) |
||
| NA 250 ppm |
0 (0/15) |
0.00 |
||
| 9 |
64 |
control |
71 (39/55) |
7.15 (5.10-9.19) |
| NLA 250 ppm |
20 (09/44) |
0.32 (0.09-0.54) |
||
| 13 |
64 |
control |
54 (21/39) |
1.95 (0.87-3.02) |
| NLA 250 ppm |
12 (05/42) |
0.26 (0.00-0.52) |
||
| 4 |
128 |
control |
55 (18/33) |
1.91 (0.91-2.91) |
| NLA 250 ppm |
35 (08/23) |
0.57 (0.14-0.99) |
||
| 10 |
232 |
control |
76 (32/42) |
15.69 (10.82-20.56) |
| NLA 250 ppm |
76 (13/22) |
1.36 (0.54-2.19) |
||
| 13 |
64 |
control |
45 (15/33) |
1.39 (0.59-2.20) |
| NLE 250 ppm |
42 (13/43) |
2.67 (1.35-4.00) |
||
| 5 |
216 |
control |
53 (09/17) |
18.88 (4.26-33.50) |
| NLE 250 ppm |
65 (15/23) |
27.83 (10.20-39.45) |
||
| 10 |
232 |
control |
71 (35/49) |
10.61 (7.16-14.06) |
| NLE 250 ppm |
84 (31/37) |
20.92 (14.50-27.34) |
||
| 18 |
88 |
control |
56 (14/25) |
2.28 (0.58-3.98) |
| NFA 250 ppm |
10 (03/30) |
0.20 (0.00-0.45) |
||
| 3 |
120 |
control |
67 (32/48) |
3.69 (2.28-5.09) |
| NFA 250 ppm |
41 (29/70) |
1.84 (1.03-2.65) |
||
| 14 |
416 |
control |
66 (31/32) |
63.59 (37.99-89.19) |
| NFA 250 ppm |
88 (30/34) |
88.15 (60.08-116.21) |
||
| 8 |
96 |
control |
61 (25/41) |
1.90 (1.11-2.70) |
| GS 250 ppm |
58 (21/36) |
2.14 (1.05-3.23) |
||
| 2 |
104 |
control |
58 (21/36) |
6.67 (3.74-9.59) |
| GS 250 ppm |
41 (09/22) |
2.05 (0.63-3.46) |
||
| 7 |
112 |
control |
71 (27/38) |
2.71 (1.55-3.87) |
| GS 250 ppm | 71 (36/51) | 4.61 (3.14-6.07) |
*NA: NeemAzal®; NLA: neem leaves EtOAc extract; NLE: neem leaves EtOH extract; NFA: neem fruits EtOAc extract; GS: Guiera senegalensis stem gall EtOAc extract.