Table 1.

Coefficient estimates and significance of parameters in best-fit models predicting GI and ectoparasitism (ECTO) in zebras. Coefficient s.e., Wald Z-test statistics, p-values and effect sizes (with 95% CIs) are reported. Maximum cluster size was 5 for both models.

response	coefficients	estimate	s.e.	z-value	p(>|z|)	effect size
GIa	(intercept)	3.718	0.119	927.09	<2 × 10−16***
	season (wet)	0.201	0.057	12.54	4.0 × 10−4***	1.22 (1.09–1.37)
	sex (male)	0.126	0.102	1.52	0.218	1.13 (0.93–1.39)
	age	–0.011	0.008	1.65	0.199	0.99 (0.97–1.00)
	SNPs	0.039	0.032	1.52	0.217	1.04 (0.98–1.11)
	common (presence)	0.104	0.090	1.33	0.249	1.11 (0.93–1.32)
	rare (presence)	0.150	0.042	12.71	3.6 × 10−4***	1.16 (1.07–1.26)
	SNPs × common	–0.078	0.036	4.82	0.028*	0.92 (0.86–0.99)
ECTO	(intercept)	1.179	0.271	18.95	1.3 × 10−5***
	season (wet)	–0.191	0.101	3.58	0.059	0.83 (0.68–1.01)
	sex (male)	–0.046	0.173	0.07	0.789	0.96 (0.68–1.34)
	age	0.021	0.026	0.65	0.422	1.02 (0.97–1.07)
	common (presence)	0.344	0.172	4.02	0.045*	1.41 (1.01–1.98)
	mid (presence)	–0.019	0.175	0.01	0.913	0.98 (0.70–1.38)
	rare (presence)	0.056	0.173	0.10	0.748	1.06 (0.75–1.48)

^aResponse variable for GI parasitism was square-root transformed.

*p < 0.05, ***p < 0.001.