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. 2014 May 1;16(5):317–325. doi: 10.1089/dia.2013.0259

Table 2.

Nutrient and Food Intake of Study Participants During Each of the Dietary Intervention Periods (n= 15)

  BR WR BRL  
Nutrient Median IQR Median IQR Median IQR P valuea
Energy (kcal/day) 2,513 634 2,607 845 2,521 621 0.94
Carbohydrates (g/day) (%E) 361 (58.2) 99.9 381.2 (60.8) 144 365.5 (58.4) 110.8 0.420 (0.001)
Protein (g/day) (%E) 80.1 (12.5) 17.2 79 (12.0) 28.6 74.8 (12.2) 18.5 0.449 (0.074)
Fat (g/day) (%E) 80.3 (28.1) 17.7 79.1 (25.8) 24 80.2 (28.3) 18.6 0.038 (0.002)
Dietary fiber (g/day) 48.9 9.4 36.1 14.1 56 13.7 <0.001
Glycemic load 183 54.7 228.2 87 184.5 62.5 <0.001
Weighted GI 56.1 3.8 66.6 1.5 57.5 2.3 <0.001
Cereals (g/day) (%E)
 Refined 93.7 (13.7) 93.3 298.4 (42.4) 90.6 106.5 (14.8) 73.6 <0.001 (<0.001)
 Whole 246.2 (34.5) 58.1 0 20 244.9 (32.0) 21.5 <0.001 (<0.001)
Legumes (g/day) (%E)
 Split 65.4 (9.6) 22.5 77.6 (10.4) 29.5 24.4 (3.97) 23.2 <0.001 (<0.001)
 Whole 25.4 (1.3) 10.1 26.2 (0.98) 16.9 59.6 (6.94) 17.6 <0.001 (<0.001)
Fruits and vegetables (g/day) (%E)b 256.2 (3.5) 71.3 233 (3.6) 93.2 235.2 (3.07) 45.6 0.282 (0.549)
Roots and tubers (g/day) (%E) 216.5 (5.7) 51.6 191.6 (5.5) 91.7 222.4 (5.56) 53.0 0.936 (0.420)
Milk and its products (g/day) (%E)c 350.9 (9.0) 149.5 350.4 (8.4) 148.2 347.4 (8.86) 195.1 0.819 (0.936)
Fish and sea foods (g/day 0 0 0 15 0 0 0.662
Meat (g/day) 0 0 0 0 0.368
Eggs (g/day) 0 0 0 6 0 9 0.852
Poultry (g/day) 0 0 0 6 0 0 0.779
Fats and oils (g/day) (%E) 44.2 (16.0) 21.4 44.5 (15.64) 21.9 42.8 (14.9) 10.5 0.55 (0.766)
Nuts and oilseeds (g/day) (%E) 31.3 (5.7) 13.3 27.5 (6.01) 19.8 30.8 (5.9) 19.1 0.189 (0.282)
Salt (g/day) 15.9 3.3 15 4.7 15.9 2.7 0.42
Sugar (g/day) (%E) 18.2 (3.2) 9.9 22.8 (4.02) 23.8 24.8 (3.4) 20.7 0.819 (0.627)

Data are average values of five 24-h diet recalls.

a

P value was tested using Friedman's nonparametric test for significance.

b

Fruit and vegetables include fruits, leafy vegetables, and other vegetables.

c

Milk and its product include milk, cheese, yogurt, and buttermilk.

%E, percentage of total energy; BR, brown rice; BRL, brown rice with added legumes; GI, glycemic index; IQR, interquartile range; WR, white rice.