Figure 7. Transient expression and anti-fungal activity assay of VpPR-10.1 against E. necator in grapevine leaves.

(a)Trypan blue staining of infiltrated grapevine leaves were collected at 11 days post-inoculation (dpi) with E. necator. Pictures were representative of six independent experiments and ten leaves per experimental condition. They were grapevine leaves that were infiltrated with Agrobacterium harboring the empty vector pER8, K55N, E149G, Y151H, and VpPR-10.1, respectively. Untreated grapevine leaves were used as negative control. Sporangia and hyphae were shown as blue spots and lines, respectively. Scale bar = 10 µm.(b) Sporangia numbers grown on the untreated grapevine leaves and the leaves that infiltrated with Agrobacterium harboring the empty vector pER8, VpPR-10.1and mutants. (c) Western blot analysis of VpPR-10.1 and mutant proteins in leaves inoculated with E. necator. Soluble proteins were separated by SDS–PAGE, blotted onto a PVDF membrane and reacted with antiserum against VpPR-10.1.