Phylogeny of invertebrate specific D1-like receptor (InvD1L) and its sister clade, alpha-1 adrenergic receptor (ADRA1). (A) Comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of DA receptors and ADRA1 sequences. The sequences belonging to the D2 cluster of DA receptors (dotted line, yellow background) were not included in this analysis and were added manually to this phylogenetic tree. The tree was constructed using an unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) test. Numbers at the nodes are for the percent supports in 500 bootstrap replicates. (B) Hypothetical evolutionary scenario for InvD1L (magenta) and ADRA1 (green) receptors. Note that divergence of the two receptors likely occurred in the early Bilateralia, while InvD1L was lost in the early Chordata and ADRA1 was lost in Insecta. (C) Table summarizing the synonyms commonly used for different DA receptors of I. scapularis and D. melanogaster. GenBank Accession numbers for: InvD1L subgroup: Anopheles gambiae, XM_311193.4; Apis melifera, NM_001011567.1; Bombyx mori, NM_001114866.1; Branchiostoma floridae, AM396589.1; Caenorhabditis elegans, NM_075837.2; Capitella teleta ELU02582.1; Crassostrea gigas, JH817851.1; Daphnia pulex, GL732531.1; Drosophila melanogaster DopR2, NM_001276143.1; Ixodes scapularis, XM_002399612.1, Nasonia vitripennis, NM_001162377.1; Pediculus humanus corporis, XM_002431176.1; Saccoglossus kowalevskii, XM_002737161.1; Strongylocentrotus purpuratus, XM_003729956.1; Schistosoma mansoni, XM_002576487.1, T. castaneum, XM_967686.2; ADRA1 group:
B. floridae, XM_002608903.1; C. teleta, KB294741.1; C. gigas, EKC41004.1, D. pulex, EFX64650.1; Gallus gallus, XM_420871.2; Homo sapiens ADRA1D, NM_000678.3; Metaseiulus occidentalis, XM_003748355.1; Oncorhynchus mykiss, NM_001124675.1; S. kowalevskii, XM_002733883.1; S. purpuratus, XM_003726189.1; D1 subgroup: D. melanogaster DopR, NM_001260163.1; H. sapiens D1, X58987.1; H. sapiens D5, AY136750.1; I. scapularis D1, XM_002409243.1; D2 cluster:
D. melanogaster D2R, NM_001031909.1; H. sapiens D2, S62137.1; H. sapiens D3, BC095510.1; H. sapiens D4, AB065765.1; I. scapularis D2, XM_002416405.1