. 2013 Jul;101(1):18–25. doi: 10.5935/abc.20130115

Table 2.

Demographic and clinical characteristics of 321 patients undergoing cardiac surgery according to the presence or absence of AKI by different criteria¹

		AKIN			RIFLE			KDIGO
		AKI (-)	AKI (+)	p	AKI (-)	AKI(+)	p	AKI (-)	AKI (+)	p
		(n = 158)	(n = 163)	p	(n = 273)	(n =48)	p	(n = 259)	(n =62)	p
Age (years)		60	65	0.001	61	67	0.003	61	65	0.006
Age (years)		(51 - 68)	(55 - 73)	0.001	(52 - 71)	(58 - 76)	0.003	(52 - 71)	(56 - 75)	0.006
Men (n, %)		70	70	0.806	120	20	0.768	113	27	0.991
Men (n, %)		(44%)	(43%)	0.806	(44%)	(42%)	0.768	(44%)	(44%)	0.991
BMI (Kg/m²)		27.4	26.9	0.369	27.3	26.9	0.473	27.2	27.1	0.559
BMI (Kg/m²)		(±5.3)	(±5.1)	0.369	(±5.2)	(±4.9)	0.473	(±5.2)	(±5.0)	0.559
Diabetes (n, %)		49	46	0.584	82	13	0.679	75	20	0.609
Diabetes (n, %)		(31%)	(28%)	0.584	(30%)	(27%)	0.679	(29%)	(32%)	0.609
Previous AMI (n, %)		55	47	0.250	87	15	0.932	83	19	0.831
Previous AMI (n, %)		(35%)	(29%)	0.250	(32%)	(31%)	0.932	(32%)	(31%)	0.831
Previous Cardiac		20	19	0.784	34	5	0.690	29	10	0.286
surgery (n,%)		(13%)	(12%)	0.784	(13%)	(10%)	0.690	(11%)	(16%)	0.286
Use of statins (n, %)		108	112	0.883	185	35	0.475	175	45	0.481
Use of statins (n, %)		(70%)	(70%)	0.883	(69%)	(75%)	0.475	(69%)	(74%)	0.481
Use of insulin (n, %)		7	20	0.011	20	7	0.097	17	10	0.013
Use of insulin (n, %)		(4%)	(12%)	0.011	(7%)	(15%)	0.097	(7%)	(16%)	0.013
Hemoglobin (g/dL)		13.5 ± 5.2	13.4 ± 2.0	0.416	13.7 ± 4.2	13.1 ± 1.8	0.094	13.8 ± 4.3	13.1 ± 1.7	0.074
GFR (ml/min)		81.0	65.9	<0.001	74.0	71.1	0.674	74.4	70.5	0.959
GFR (ml/min)		( 67.1 - 102.7)	( 53.0 - 94.2)	<0.001	( 58.9- 96.8)	( 54.7 - 108.6)	0.674	( 59.1 - 97.0)	( 55.5 - 105.8)	0.959
Type of surgery (n, %)
	MR	90 (57%)	68 (42%)	<0.001	135 (50%)	23 (48%)	0.314	129 (50%)	29 (47%)	0.185
	Valvular Surgery	64 (41%)	75 (46%)		121 (44%)	18 (37%)		115 (44%)	24 (39%)
	Combined surgery	4 (2%)	20 (12%)		17 (6%)	7 (15%)		15 (6%)	9 (14%)
Time of ECC (h)		1.4	1.5	0.071	1.4 (1.2- 1.8)	1.5	0.206	1.4	1.5	0.247
Time of ECC (h)		(1.2- 1.8)	(1.2 - 2.1)	0.071	1.4 (1.2- 1.8)	(1.2 - 2.3)	0.206	(1.2- 1.8)	(1.1 - 2.3)	0.247
Volume Balance (ml)		-250	-226	0.567	-240	-250	0.432	-240	-240	0.275
Volume Balance (ml)		(-895 - 300)	(-820 - 397)	0.567	(-895 - 300)	(-789 - 560)	0.432	(-903 - 295)	(-775 - 553)	0.275
Low Cardiac		3	12	0.020	9	6	0.005	6	9	< 0.001
Output (n, %)		(2%)	(7%)	0.020	(3%)	(13%)	0.005	(2%)	(15%)	< 0.001
Extended		30	45	0.086	65	10	0.715	57	18	0.246
hospitalization (n, %)		(19%)	(28%)	0.086	(24%)	(21%)	0.715	(22%)	(29%)	0.246
Hemodialysis (n, %)		0	6	0.030	2	4	0.005	2	4	0.014
Hemodialysis (n, %)		(0)	(4%)	0.030	(1 %)	(8%)	0.005	(1%)	(7%)	0.014
Death (n, %)		1	10	0.011	3	8	<0.001	3	8	< 0.001
Death (n, %)		(1%)	(6%)	0.011	(1%)	(17%)	<0.001	(1%)	(13%)	< 0.001
Combined events (n, %)		31	58	0.002	68	21	0.013	60	29	< 0.001
Combined events (n, %)		(20%)	(36%)	0.002	(25%)	(44%)	0.013	(23%)	(47%)	< 0.001

BMI: Body mass index; AMI: Acute myocardial infarction; GFR: Glomerular filtration rate; MR: Myocardial revascularization; ECC: Extracorporeal circulation

¹ Data presented as average ± SD, median (25-75 percentiles) or absolute (n) and relative (%) values.