Table 2. Description of included and excluded Project Viva mothers and children.
| N=1224 included at 3 years | N=1037 included at 7 years | N=771 excluded at 3 and 7 years* | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mother | Mean (SE) | ||
| Age (years) | 32.5 (0.1) | 32.3 (0.2) | 31.0 (0.2) |
| PPVT score | 106.0 (0.4) | 105.4 (0.5) | 100.8 (0.8) |
| KBIT-II score | 107.9 (0.5) | 107.2 (0.5) | 102.5 (0.7) |
| Percent | |||
| Fish intake ≥2 servings per week | 55.0% | 52.8% | 50.1% |
| Parity | |||
| 0 | 47.5% | 47.3% | 47.6% |
| 1 | 36.3% | 36.4% | 35.4% |
| ≥2 | 16.2% | 16.4% | 17.0% |
| Smoking status | |||
| Never | 68.8% | 70.1% | 64.5% |
| Former | 21.0% | 20.1% | 17.4% |
| During pregnancy | 10.2% | 9.8% | 18.1% |
| Depression 6 months postpartum | 8.8% | 9.1% | 11.0% |
| Education | |||
| High school diploma or less | 7.2% | 8.6% | 18.8% |
| Some college | 20.2% | 21.3% | 26.9% |
| Bachelor's degree | 37.7% | 34.9% | 32.7% |
| Graduate degree | 34.9% | 35.2% | 21.6% |
| Employment 6 months postpartum | |||
| Employed | 66.0% | 66.7% | 56.0% |
| Employed, on maternity leave | 6.0% | 6.8% | 6.2% |
| Not employed, looking | 4.6% | 5.3% | 10.1% |
| Not employed, not looking | 23.3% | 21.3% | 27.7% |
| Child | Mean (SE) | ||
| Gestational age (weeks) | 39.6 (0.04) | 39.7 (0.04) | 39.6 (0.05) |
| Birth weight (kg) | 3.5 (0.01) | 3.5 (0.02) | 3.5 (0.02) |
| Birth weight for gestational age z-score | 0.22 (0.03) | 0.20 (0.0) | 0.14 (0.04) |
| Percent | |||
| Female | 50.4% | 50.5% | 47.7% |
| Race/Ethnicity | |||
| Asian | 2.7% | 3.0% | 5.8% |
| Black | 11.9% | 15.1% | 21% |
| Hispanic | 3.5% | 3.7% | 8% |
| White | 70.1% | 66.1% | 55.4% |
| Other | 11.8% | 12.2% | 9.8% |
| Primary English speaker | 96.2% | 98.7% | 92.7% |
| Child care at 6 months | |||
| Center | 16.8% | 17.2% | 17.4% |
| Other home | 26.1% | 27.3% | 24.8% |
| At own home | 14.3% | 13.6% | 14.9% |
| None | 42.8% | 42.0% | 43.0% |
| Breastfeeding status at 6 months | |||
| Formula only, never breast fed | 10.6% | 10.1% | 15.0% |
| Formula only, weaned | 34.7% | 35.1% | 46.3% |
| Mixed formula and breast milk | 26.4% | 26.8% | 19.5% |
| Breast milk only, no formula | 28.2% | 28.0% | 19.2% |
| Mean (SE | |||
| Breastfeeding duration (months) | |||
| Exclusive (to 6 months) | 2.4 (0.1) | 2.4 (0.1) | 1.9 (0.1) |
| Any (to 12 months) | 6.4 (0.1) | 6.5 (0.1) | 4.9 (0.2) |
| Child cognition | |||
| 3 years | |||
| PPVT-III | 103.7 (0.43) | N/A | |
| Total WRAVMA | 101.8 (0.33) | N/A | |
| 7 years | |||
| KBIT-II verbal | N/A | 112.5 (0.5) | |
| KBIT-II non-verbal | N/A | 106.5 (0.5) | |
| WRAVMA drawing | N/A | 92.2 (0.5) | |
| WRAML visual memory | N/A | 16.9 (0.1) | |
| Family/Household | |||
| HOME-SF score | 18.4 (0.1) | 18.4 (0.1) | |
| Percent | |||
| Income (1st trimester) | |||
| <40,000 | 14.3% | 16.2% | 23.2% |
| 40,001-70K | 22.3% | 21.2% | 26.4% |
| >70,000 | 63.4% | 62.6% | 50.4% |
| Married/co-habitating (1st trimester) | 93.6% | 92.4% | 89.3% |
| Mother's Partner | |||
| Education | |||
| High school diploma or less | 13.3% | 14.2% | 22.1% |
| Some college | 19.8% | 20.5% | 24.7% |
| Bachelor's degree | 36.5% | 35.7% | 30.0% |
| Graduate degree | 30.4% | 29.6% | 23.3% |
PPVT-III is Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test, 3rd edition. KBIT-II is Kaufman Brief Intelligence Test, 2nd edition. WRAVMA is Wide Range Assessment of Visual Motor Abilities. WRAML is Wide Range Assessment of Memory and Learning. HOME-SF is Home Observation Measurement of the Environment, Short Form.
*
excluded due to missing exposure or outcome data