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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Apr 24.
Published in final edited form as: Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc. 2009;2009:5452–5455. doi: 10.1109/IEMBS.2009.5334019

Fig. 2.

Fig. 2

Inflammatory cytokine-associated idiosyncratic drug hepatotoxicity as a “network toxicity”. The multipathway modeling approach presented here suggests that an integration of multiple intracellular signaling pathway -- namely the MEK–ERK, mTOR–p70 S6K, Akt, and p38–HSP27 pathways -- activities is necessary for hepatocytes to specify death responses to hepatotoxic drug/cytokine co-treatment conditions. This provides motivation of the network-level consideration of multiple survival, stress, and apoptosis signaling pathways in evaluating the hepatotoxicity mechanisms of context-dependent hepatotoxic drugs. Schematic reproduced from [10].