(A) Carbohydrate pathways. Genes up-regulated in CSIL-315431 and CSIL-31010 were selected to do heat map. ABAB indicated DEGs in CSIL-35431 at 15 DPA, CSIL-35431 at 20DPA, CSIL-3010 at 15DPA and CSIL-31010 at 20DPA, from left to right. Every square stand for one gene and every line stand for the same gene. Genes with red color expressed higher in CSILs than TM-1 and gray color stand for no difference. β-D-Fru, β-D-Fructose; α-D-Glu-1p, α-D-Glucose-1-phosphate; β-D-Fru-6p, β-D-Fructose-6-phosphate. (B) Quantitative RT–PCR validation of four CesA genes in CSILs and TM-1, Gorai.004G057400.1, Gorai.009G009700.1 and Gorai.011G037900.1 homologous with AtCESA4, AtCESA7 and AtCESA8, respectively.