A and B. At least three mice from each genotype were randomly selected and more than eight image frames of cells at the epithelia of cervix were quantified for each mouse. The amount of γ-H2AX nuclear-foci positive cells over total number of cells was plotted in each case (columns); bar, Standard deviation (SD). A. In the epithelial layer of the cervical tissues, K14Cre/pRbf/f, pRbf/f/p130−/−, and K14Cre/pRbf/f/p130−/− mice failed to increase the number of γ-H2AX nuclear-foci positive cells compared with NTG mice (P>0.05). E7 expression cause a significant increase in DNA damage compared with NTG, K14Cre/pRbf/f, pRbf/f/p130−/−, or K14Cre/pRbf/f/p130−/− mice (P<0.05). B. Single deficiency of p107 failed to increase DNA damage via γ-H2AX foci (pRbf/f/p107−/− vs. NTG; P>0.05). Double deletion of pRb and p107 significantly induced the number of cells harboring with γ-H2AX foci compared with single deletion of p107 (K14CreER/pRbf/f/p107−/− vs. pRbf/f/p107−/−; P<0.05). The frequency of γ-H2AX foci positive cells in the triple knockout mice was significantly higher than it in pRb and p107 double knockout mice, but was significantly lower than it in K14E7 mice. (K14CreER/pRbf/f/p130f/f/p107−/− vs. K14CreER/pRbf/f/p107−/−; P<0.05 and K14CreER/pRbf/f/p130f/f/p107−/− vs. K14E7; P<0.05). Asterisk (*) means significant difference (P<0.05). NS means no significant difference (P>0.05). All statistical comparisons were performed using a two-sided Wilcoxon Rank sum test. Note that In Fig. 4, E7 expression induced γ-H2AX in only ~1.5% of cells, but in the data presented in this figure, it induces it in ~10% of cells. This difference is solely attributed to the difference in genetic backgrounds between the mice used in the studies reported in these two figures, not due to differences in staining efficiency, because the same low % of cells with γ-H2AX positive foci was observed in sections of K14E7 transgenic mice taken from the study reported in Fig. 4, when they were stained alongside the samples from the experiment reported in this figure.