Table 2.
Multivariate log-binomial models assessing the association between violence and HIV infection among 981 female sex workers participating in the integrated biological and behavioural survey, Benin, 2012
| Variables | Physical violence | Sexual violence | Psychological violence | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||||||||
| HIV + (%) | APR‡ (95% CI) | P-value | HIV + (%) | APR (95% CI*) | P-value | HIV + (%) | APR (95% CI) | P-value | |
| Having experienced violence | |||||||||
| No | 19.6 | 1.00 | - | 19.4 | 1.00 | - | 18.0 | 1.00 | - |
| Yes | 24.4 | 1.45 (1.05–2.00) | 0.025 | 27.3 | 1.42 (1.02–1.98) | 0.037 | 25.2 | 1.41 (1.08–1.85) | 0.013 |
| Sex work typology | |||||||||
| Home-based | 17.4 | 1.00 | - | 17.4 | 1.00 | - | 17.4 | 1.00 | - |
| Brothel-based | 26.4 | 1.81 (1.09 –3.02) | 0.023 | 26.4 | 1.72 (1.03–2.87) | 0.038 | 26.4 | 1.73 (1.03–2.88) | 0.037 |
| Other | 18.4 | 1.32 (0.80–2.18) | 0.272 | 18.4 | 1.29 (0.78–2.12) | 0.321 | 18.4 | 1.30 (0.79–2.13) | 0.308 |
| Duration in sex work | |||||||||
| Less than two years | 19.6 | 1.00 | - | 19.6 | 1.00 | - | 19.6 | 1.00 | - |
| At least two years | 21.2 | 1.67 (1.18–2.36) | 0.004 | 21.2 | 1.20 (0.80 –1.80) | 0.371 | 21.2 | 1.17 (0.78 –1.75) | 0.455 |
| Literacy | |||||||||
| Being literate | 18.2 | 1.00 | - | 18.2 | 1.00 | - | 18.2 | 1.00 | - |
| Being illiterate | 24.6 | 1.28 (0.96 –1.69) | 0.088 | 24.6 | 1.28 (0.96–1.70) | 0.083 | 24.6 | 1.25 (0.94 –1.66) | 0.128 |
| Number of clients (last week) | |||||||||
| Less than 15 clients | 18.7 | 1.00 | - | 18.7 | 1.00 | - | 18.7 | 1.00 | - |
| At least 15 clients | 23.9 | 0.94 (0.70–1.25) | 0.656 | 23.9 | 0.93 (0.70–1.25) | 0.630 | 23.9 | 0.94 (0.70–1.26) | 0.680 |
| Regular partners (last week) | |||||||||
| None | 22.6 | 1.00 | - | 22.6 | 1.00 | - | 22.6 | 1.00 | - |
| At least one | 14.4 | 0.72 (0.50–1.02) | 0.065 | 14.4 | 0.75 (0.52–1.07) | 0.107 | 14.4 | 0.74 (0.52–1.05) | 0.094 |
| Neisseria gonorrhoeae | |||||||||
| Negative | 20.0 | 1.00 | - | 20.0 | 1.00 | - | 20.0 | 1.00 | - |
| Positive | 26.2 | 1.04 (0.61–1.77) | 0.894 | 26.2 | 1.02 (0.61–1.73) | 0.928 | 26.2 | 1.05 (0.62 –1.78) | 0.860 |
| Antecedent for STI | |||||||||
| No | 21.2 | 1.00 | - | 21.2 | 1.00 | - | 21.2 | 1.00 | - |
| Yes | 17.6 | 0.80 (0.55 –1.18) | 0.268 | 17.6 | 0.84 (0.66–1.23) | 0.371 | 17.6 | 0.83 (0.57–1.21) | 0.326 |
| Condom use | |||||||||
| Inconsistent | 13.5 | 1.00 | - | 13.5 | 1.00 | - | 13.5 | 1.00 | - |
| Consistent | 24.6 | 1.67 (1.18–2.36) | 0.004 | 24.6 | 1.70 (1.20–2.42) | 0.003 | 24.6 | 1.69 (1.19–2.40) | 0.003 |
‡
APR, adjusted prevalence ratio of HIV infection (mutually adjusted for all the variables listed in the table);
*
CI, Confidence interval.