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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: Brain Topogr. 2013 Oct 25;27(4):553–564. doi: 10.1007/s10548-013-0326-6

Figure 4. Model of the MMN system.

Figure 4

A schematic diagram showing modulatory effects on MMN elicitation by stimulus-driven processes (blue) and task-specific goals (red). Arrows indicate a direction of influence. Input is analyzed from spectro-temporal characteristics (1), driving initial sound organization. Standard formation (2) occurs after stream segregation, and is subject to cross-stream interactions and task-driven goals. Stimulus-driven (2) and task-driven biases (3) modulate stream analysis and within-stream calculations. Change detection (4) is regulated by task-driven and stimulus-driven biases and their convergences. Competition between streams can be set up by task goals. A prediction of the model is that feature deviance detection (4) is a ‘higher-level’ process occurring on already formulated streams. MMN output (5) is the consequence of a series of processes and convergence of processes influencing change detection. Attention modulates MMN elicitation when behavioral goals influence how sounds are organized to perform a task (3, solid red line). Direct influence of attention on change detection is still unclear (3, dotted red line).