Fig. 2.

Phylogeny and floral evolution in Malpighiaceae. The nine panels below the phylogeny illustrate the stereotypical floral morphology of the New World oil-bee associated flowers (Left) contrasted with a representative of its sister clade that has lost the oil-bee association (Right). These nine clades are numbered 1–9 and in black around the periphery of the phylogeny; the remaining oil-bee–associated Malpighiaceae are highlighted in gray; the branches of the non-Malpighiaceae outgroup species are white. The numbers to the left of the backslash represent the species diversities of the nine clades that have independently lost the oil-bee association, and numbers to the right of the backslash represent species diversity of their oil-bee associated sister clades. See Fig. S2 for full chronogram.