Table 1.
Ciprofloxacin susceptibility patterns and fluoroquinolone (FQ) resistance determinants detected in the 93 K. pneumoniae isolates investigated in this study.
| Ciprofloxacin susceptibility | MIC (μg/mL) | Number of isolates | FQ resistance determinants | Total number of gyrA and/or parC alterations | Total number of FQ resistance determinants | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PMQR* genes (n) | gyrA and/or parC alterations (n) | |||||
| Susceptible (n = 27, 29%) |
0.032–0.047 | 2 | None (2) | None (2) | None | None |
| 0.094–0.38 | 12 | aac(6′)-Ib-cr (12) | None (12) | None | 1 | |
| 0.5–0.75 | 5 |
qnrB (2), qnrS (1) None (2) |
None (3) gyrA83 (2) |
None 1 |
1 1 |
|
| 1 | 8 |
qnrB + aac(6′)-Ib-cr (5) qnrB (3) |
None (5) gyrA83 (3) |
None 1 |
2 2 |
|
|
| ||||||
| Intermediately susceptible (n = 32, 34%) |
2 | 32 |
qnrB + aac(6′)-Ib-cr (29) qnrB (3) |
None (29) gyrA83 (3) |
None 1 |
2 2 |
|
| ||||||
|
Resistant (n = 34, 37%) |
4–6 | 4 | None (4) | gyrA83 + parC80 (4) | 2 | 2 |
| ≥32 | 30 |
qnrB + aac(6′)-Ib-cr (8) qnrB + aac(6′)-Ib-cr (2) qnrB + aac(6′)-Ib-cr (1) qnrB + aac(6′)-Ib-cr (1), aac(6′)-Ib-cr (2) qnrB + aac(6′)-Ib-cr (1) |
gyrA83 + parC80 (10) gyrA83 + parC84 (2) gyrA83 + gyrA87 (1) gyrA83 + gyrA87 + parC80 (16) None (1) |
2 2 2 3 None |
2 or 4 4 4 3–5 2 |
|
*PMQR: Plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance.