Table 4.

Estimated required sample size (right side) for a two-arm phase II randomized clinical trial.

Variable	Type	Dropout (%)	Estimated parameters					Effect size
			βS	g11	g12	g22	${\sigma }_e^2$	20%	30%	40%	50%	60%	70%
CSF	Imaging	0	4.094	486.882	5.189	3.183	53.737	332	147	83	53	37	27
CSF	Imaging	10	4.094	486.882	5.189	3.183	53.737	357	159	89	57	40	29
CSF	Imaging	20	4.094	486.882	5.189	3.183	53.737	386	172	97	62	43	32
Putamen	Imaging	0	−0.100	0.810	−0.004	0.003	0.037	391	174	98	63	43	32
Putamen	Imaging	10	−0.100	0.810	−0.004	0.003	0.037	421	187	105	67	47	34
Putamen	Imaging	20	−0.100	0.810	−0.004	0.003	0.037	455	202	114	73	51	37
Caudate	Imaging	0	−0.111	0.666	0.005	0.003	0.078	628	279	157	101	70	51
Caudate	Imaging	10	−0.111	0.666	0.005	0.003	0.078	676	301	169	108	75	55
Caudate	Imaging	20	−0.111	0.666	0.005	0.003	0.078	732	325	183	117	81	60
TMS	Motor	0	1.498	21.338	5.008	3.050	16.789	981	436	245	157	109	80
TMS	Motor	10	1.498	21.338	5.008	3.050	16.789	1051	467	263	168	117	86
TMS	Motor	20	1.498	21.338	5.008	3.050	16.789	1131	503	283	181	126	92
Sp-Tapping	Cognitive	0	7.345	3255.107	296.690	72.380	554.870	1230	546	307	197	137	100
Sp-Tapping	Cognitive	10	7.345	3255.107	296.690	72.380	554.870	1318	586	330	211	146	108
Sp-Tapping	Cognitive	20	7.345	3255.107	296.690	72.380	554.870	1421	632	355	227	158	116
Hippocampus	Imaging	0	−0.022	0.066	0.000	0.000	0.006	1322	588	330	212	147	108
Hippocampus	Imaging	10	−0.022	0.066	0.000	0.000	0.006	1422	632	356	228	158	116
Hippocampus	Imaging	20	−0.022	0.066	0.000	0.000	0.006	1540	684	385	246	171	126
Chorea	Motor	0	0.480	1.383	0.401	0.335	2.675	1373	610	343	220	153	112
Chorea	Motor	10	0.480	1.383	0.401	0.335	2.675	1472	654	368	236	164	120
Chorea	Motor	20	0.480	1.383	0.401	0.335	2.675	1586	705	397	254	176	130
Brady	Motor	0	0.520	4.748	0.811	0.438	3.305	1467	652	367	235	163	120
Brady	Motor	10	0.520	4.748	0.811	0.438	3.305	1574	699	393	252	175	128
Brady	Motor	20	0.520	4.748	0.811	0.438	3.305	1698	754	424	272	189	139
Dysrhythmia	Cognitive	0	3.002	592.124	53.942	12.919	135.291	1676	745	419	268	186	137
Dysrhythmia	Cognitive	10	3.002	592.124	53.942	12.919	135.291	1801	800	450	288	200	147
Dysrhythmia	Cognitive	20	3.002	592.124	53.942	12.919	135.291	1945	864	486	311	216	159
Thalamus	Imaging	0	−0.058	0.316	−0.006	0.003	0.069	2077	923	519	332	231	170
Thalamus	Imaging	10	−0.058	0.316	−0.006	0.003	0.069	2230	991	557	357	248	182
Thalamus	Imaging	20	−0.058	0.316	−0.006	0.003	0.069	2407	1070	602	385	267	197
TFC	Functional	0	−0.156	0.518	0.038	0.054	0.551	2540	1129	635	406	282	207
TFC	Functional	10	−0.156	0.518	0.038	0.054	0.551	2722	1210	680	435	302	222
TFC	Functional	20	−0.156	0.518	0.038	0.054	0.551	2932	1303	733	469	326	239
SDMT	Cognitive	0	−0.906	124.336	0.742	0.904	20.943	2547	1132	637	408	283	208
SDMT	Cognitive	10	−0.906	124.336	0.742	0.904	20.943	2740	1218	685	438	304	224
SDMT	Cognitive	20	−0.906	124.336	0.742	0.904	20.943	2964	1317	741	474	329	242

Effect size is the percentage difference in rate of change (slope) of the treated and untreated groups (see Supplementary Material). CSF, cerebral spinal fluid; TMS, total motor score; SP-Tapping, speeded tapping; Brady, bradykinesia; TFC, total functional capacity; SDMT, Symbol Digit Modalities Test.