Table 1.

Brief outline of care pathway for neurorehabilitation after stroke, Adapted from Ref. (20, 21).

Care stage	Hyper-acute	Acute	Post-acute	Home-based	Outpatient
Time after event	Minutes to hours	Days	1–3 months	Varies, but may be 3–6 months	6 months and beyond
Includes options (but not limited to)	Recombinant tissue plasminogen activator, surgical/mechanical approaches	Pharmaceuticals to modify thrombotic and embolic stroke risk, reduce risk of complications and promote neural recovery	Behavioral and pharmaceutical treatments to promote neural reorganization, and treat depression	Nursing care to optimize the home and survivor–caregiver interaction, exercise therapy	Behavioral and pharmaceutical treatments to promote neural reorganization, exercise therapy, learning compensatory strategies
Recovery stage	Neural recovery	Neural reorganization	Neural reorganization	Neural reorganization	Neural reorganization, also use of compensatory strategies
Rehabilitation management	Begin clinical assessment of new limitations	Complete clinical assessment, identify short- and long-term rehab goals, introduce neurorehabilitation care pathway stages to patient and family and begin arranging care transitions, initiate first part of treatment plan	Develop short-term goals, continue treatment plan, re-assess clinical status, monitor progress and revise long-term goals, interpret treatment plan to patient and family	Same as post-acute, but also implement community re-integration goals, identify and engage community-based support	Same as home-based, continue engagement of community-based resources (e.g., vocational, driving training)