Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics of Study Population by ART Regimen
| Characteristic | With TDF | Without TDF | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 38 716; 62.2%) | (n = 23 514; 37.8%) | ||
| Female, No. (%) | 21 891 (56.5) | 16 542 (70.4) | <.001 |
| Age, median (IQR), y | 34 (29–40) | 32 (27–38) | <.001 |
| WHO stage III/IV, No. (%) | 22 989 (59.4) | 11 218 (47.7) | <.001 |
| BMI, median (IQR), kg/m2 | 19.7 (17.8–22.1) | 20.8 (18.5–22.6) | <.001 |
| CD4 count, median (IQR), cells/μL | 151 (82–223) | 172 (98–251) | <.001 |
| Missing, No. (%) | 2333 (6.0) | 1858 (7.9) | |
| Anemia, No. (%) | <.001 | ||
| None | 10 050 (26.0) | 5650 (24.0) | |
| Mild | 13 291 (34.3) | 8486 (36.1) | |
| Moderate | 9709 (25.1) | 5429 (23.1) | |
| Severe | 3034 (7.8) | 1760 (7.5) | |
| Missing (%) | 2632 (6.8) | 2189 (9.3) | |
| eGFR decrease, No. (%) | <.001 | ||
| None | 32 247 (83.3) | 20 621 (87.7) | |
| Mild | 5741 (14.8) | 1967 (8.4) | |
| Moderate | 616 (1.6) | 676 (2.9) | |
| Severe | 110 (0.3) | 246 (1.1) | |
| Calendar year of ART start, No. (%) | <.001 | ||
| 2007 | 3204 (8.3) | 10 842 (46.1) | |
| 2008 | 10 155 (26.2) | 4589 (19.5) | |
| 2009 | 12 319 (31.8) | 4594 (19.5) | |
| 2010 | 12 110 (31.3) | 3297 (14.0) | |
| 2011 | 928 (2.4) | 192 (0.8) | |
| EFV-based ART, No. (%) | 23 367 (60.4) | 3913 (16.6) | <.001 |
Abbreviations: ART, antiretroviral therapy; BMI, body mass index; EFV, efavirenz; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; IQR, interquartile range; TDF, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate; WHO, World Health Organization.