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. 2014 Apr 8;124(5):2219–2233. doi: 10.1172/JCI72948

Figure 4. RSV-induced ciliated cell rounding is unique to RSV infection and is due to expression of the RSV NS2 protein.

Figure 4

(A) Representative images of histologic cross-sections of fixed and paraffin-embedded HAE infected with recombinant RSV-GFP, low-passage clinical isolate RSV Memphis 37, or recombinant PIV3-GFP. Infected cells were detected at day 3 pi using an anti-RSV antibody or anti-PIV3 antibody, as appropriate. Scale bar: 10 μm. (B) Representative images of histologic cross-sections of HAE infected with RSV, or gene deletion mutants RSVΔNS1 and RSVΔNS2. All viruses express GFP. (C and D) Height of infected ciliated cells (mean ± SD) was determined using confocal microscopy of fixed but unprocessed HAE infected with RSV, PIV3, HMPV, PIV5, or SeV or the RSV gene deletion mutants RSVΔNS1, RSVΔNS2, and RSVΔNS1/2. All viruses expressed GFP. At least 100 infected cells in cultures obtained from 3 different donors were measured. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, 1-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post-hoc test.