Table 3.

Regression coefficient estimates, standard errors and P-values from linear random intercept models for associations between SER, EBOP, PSS, CR and external assessment by condition^a

External assessment	Quality management at service level
	SER			EBOP			PSS			CR
	b	SE	P-value	b	SE	P-value	b	SE	P-value	b	SE	P-value
AMI
No accreditation or certification	(reference)			(reference)			(reference)			(reference)
Accreditation only	0.55	0.35	0.13	0.32	0.32	0.33	0.28	0.18	0.12	0.65	0.43	0.13
Certification only	0.11	0.34	0.75	−0.02	0.34	0.96	0.36	0.21	0.09	−0.10	0.45	0.86
Accreditation and certification	0.92*	0.42*	0.03*	0.23	0.46	0.62	0.52*	0.25*	0.04*	1.35*	0.54*	0.02*
Deliveries
No accreditation or certification	(reference)			(reference)			(reference)			(reference)
Accreditation only	0.33	0.41	0.42	−0.03	0.13	0.82	0.25	0.21	0.23	0.75	0.50	0.14
Certification only	0.50	0.40	0.21	0.06	0.12	0.61	0.39	0.24	0.11	0.81	0.50	0.11
Accreditation and certification	0.74	0.47	0.12	−0.06	0.14	0.69	0.41	0.27	0.14	0.81	0.60	0.18
Hip fracture
No accreditation or certification	(reference)			(reference)			(reference)			(reference)
Accreditation only	0.14	0.34	0.67	−0.23	0.33	0.49	0.21	0.17	0.22	0.49	0.43	0.26
Certification only	0.13	0.35	0.71	0.24	0.31	0.44	0.21	0.21	0.34	0.29	0.43	0.50
Accreditation and certification	0.52	0.42	0.22	−0.60	0.38	0.12	0.53*	0.24*	0.03*	0.56	0.52	0.29
Stroke
No accreditation or certification	(reference)			(reference)			(reference)			(reference)
Accreditation only	0.75	0.40	0.06	0.26	0.33	0.44	0.26	0.17	0.13	1.14*	0.47*	0.02*
Certification only	0.31	0.38	0.42	0.31	0.32	0.34	0.53*	0.22*	0.02*	0.48	0.49	0.34
Accreditation and certification	0.51	0.47	0.29	0.29	0.40	0.47	0.63*	0.24*	0.01*	1.22*	0.59*	0.04*

^aMultivariable mixed linear regression model with random intercept by country, and adjusted for fixed effects at the hospital level (number of beds, teaching status, public vs. private).

*Significant results.