Table 1.
Effectiveness comparison for various histologies by anatomical location between Standard of Care (SOC) and Carbon Ions
|
Site |
No. of carbon ion studies |
5-year LC range |
Toxicity range (late ≥ GIII injury) |
References |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SOC | Carbon | SOC | Carbon | |||
|
Intracranial
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Glioma |
2 |
< 20% |
- |
Location dependent |
- |
Trials ongoing§† |
| Meningioma |
2 |
80-90% |
- |
Location dependent |
- |
Trials ongoing§‡ |
|
Head and Neck
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Adenoid cystic |
3 |
27-72% |
26-96% |
0-12.9% |
0-17% |
[141,142] |
| Bone/soft tissue sarcoma |
2 |
43-70% |
24-73% |
0% |
2-18.5% |
[20,140,143-147] |
| Skull base |
3 |
46-73% |
82-88% |
0-7% |
0-5% |
[117-121,148] |
|
Thorax
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| NSCLC |
4 |
80-97% |
90-95% |
0-15% |
3% (pneumonitis) |
[21,149] |
|
Abdomen and Pelvis
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| HCC |
4 |
75-96% |
81-96% |
7-22% |
3-4% |
[21,130-133,150] |
| Pancreas |
2 |
10-20% |
66-100% |
1.8-20% |
7.7% |
[136,151-153] |
| Prostate |
2 |
80-95%** |
87-99%* |
4-28% |
0.1-25% |
[21,24,154-159] |
| Rectal cancer |
1 |
24-28% |
95% |
14-27% |
- |
[21,160-162] |
| Cervix cancer |
1 |
20% |
53% |
0-10.6 |
9.6-18.2% |
[163-165] |
| Sacral chordoma |
1 |
55-72% |
88% |
17.6% |
5.9%-17.9% |
[166-168] |
| Chondrosarcoma | 1 | 20-40% | 60% | - | - | [167,168] |
Abbreviations:SOC Standard of Care, LC Local Control, HCC Hepatocellular carcinoma, GIII Grade III toxicity, *OS (Overall survival); **bPFS (biochemical progression free survival); §CLEOPATRA (NCT01165671); †CINDERELLA (NCT01166308); ‡MARCIE (NCT01166321).