Table 4.

Hazard ratios (95% CI) of type 2 diabetes across quintiles of the Mediterranean Dietary Score: MESA (2000-2007)

Quintilesa	1	2	3	4	5	HR for 1 Quintile Increase	p -trend
Total Population
N events	99	73	83	68	89
Person-years	4936	3886	4230	3702	5013
Incidence rateb	20.1	18.8	19.6	18.4	17.8
HR (CI)
Model 1	1 (referent )	0.93 (0.69, 1.26)	1.00 (0.75, 1.35)	0.96 (0.70, 1.31)	0.93 (0.69, 1.25)	0.99 (0.92, 1.06)	0.71
Model 2	1 (referent )	0.88 (0.65, 1.20)	0.97 (0.72, 1.31)	0.93 (0.67, 1.28)	0.91 (0.67, 1.23)	0.98 (0.92, 1.06)	0.64
Model 3	1 (referent )	1.01 (0.74, 1.38)	1.04 (0.77, 1.41)	1.08 (0.78, 1.50)	1.09 (0.80, 1.49)	1.02 (0.95, 1.10)	0.51
Males
N events	41	40	41	35	42
Person-years	2281	1799	2048	1691	2350
Incidence rateb	18.0	22.2	20.0	20.7	17.9
HR (CI)
Model 1	1 (referent )	1.19 (0.77, 1.84)	1.09 (0.70, 1.69)	1.19 (0.75, 1.87)	1.02 (0.65, 1.58)	1.00 (0.91, 1.10)	0.98
Model 2	1 (referent )	1.12 (0.71, 1.75)	1.07 (0.68, 1.66)	1.08 (0.67, 1.73)	0.95 (0.60, 1.50)	0.99 (0.89, 1.09)	0.79
Model 3	1 (referent )	1.24 (0.79, 1.94)	1.15 (0.74, 1.81)	1.26 (0.78, 2.04)	1.11 (0.70, 1.76)	1.02 (0.92, 1.13)	0.69
Females
N events	58	33	42	33	47
Person-years	2656	2087	2182	2011	2664
Incidence rateb	21.8	15.8	19.2	16.4	17.6
Model 1	1 (referent )	0.73 (0.48, 1.12)	0.93 (0.62, 1.39)	0.77 (0.50, 1.18)	0.86 (0.58, 1.27)	0.97 (0.88, 1.06)	0.51
Model 2	1 (referent )	0.70 (0.45, 1.09)	0.88 (0.58, 1.34)	0.78 (0.50, 1.22)	0.89 (0.59, 1.35)	0.98 (0.89, 1.08)	0.70
Model 3	1 (referent )	0.82 (0.53, 1.29)	0.95 (0.62, 1.45)	0.92 (0.59, 1.45)	1.12 (0.74, 1.71)	1.03 (0.93, 1.14)	0.55

Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; HR, hazard ratio.

^aHigher quintile represents closer conformity to the Mediterranean diet.

^bIncidence per 1000 person-years.

Model 1 adjusted for age, gender, race/ethnicity, study site.

Model 2 adjusted for Model 1 + educational level, family income, smoking status, physical activity, total caloric intake.

Model 3 adjusted for Model 2 + waist circumference