TABLE 1.
Studies Highlighting Elements of Resilience Among Patients With Cancer in the Cancer Continuum
| Study | Sample | N | Characteristics | Mechanisms | Outcomes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Risk Assessment or Screening | |||||
| Ho et al., 2010 | Individuals with family history of colorectal cancer mutations | 76 | Hope | – | Reduced distress |
| Mendes & Sousa, 2012 | Families with breast, ovarian, and colorectal cancer mutations | 9 | Spirituality | Optimism, social support | Hope, inner strength |
| Diagnosis | |||||
| Gregg, 2011 | Breast | 23 | Demographics, spirituality | Coping, spirituality | Growth |
| Jim et al., 2006 | Breast | 167 | – | Coping | Growth |
| Kenne Sarenmalm et al., 2013 | Breast | 131 | Inner strength | Coping | QOL, reduced distress |
| Stanton & Snider, 1993 | Breast | 36 | Demographics, optimism | Coping | QOL, reduced distress |
| Treatment | |||||
| Fan & Eiser, 2012 | Hepatocellular | 33 | – | Coping, medical experience | QOL |
| Hou et al., 2010 | Colorectal | 234 | Hope, optimism | Medical experience, social support | Reduced distress |
| Lam et al., 2010 | Breast | 285 | Optimism | Medical experience | Reduced distress |
| Lam et al., 2012 | Breast (six years postdiagnosis) | 186 | Optimism | Medical experience | Reduced distress |
| Llewellyn et al., 2013 | Head, neck | 68 | Demographics, optimism | Coping | Growth |
| Ponto et al., 2010 | Ovarian | 60 | Demographics | Medical experience | Adjustment, growth |
| Silva et al., 2012 | Breast | 50 | – | Coping | Growth, QOL |
| Survivorship | |||||
| Bellizzi et al., 2010 | Breast | 802 | Demographics | Spirituality | QOL |
| Blank & Bellizzi, 2006 | Prostate | 490 | Optimism | – | Coping, positive psychological functioning |
| Bozo et al., 2009 | Breast | 104 | Optimism | Social support | PTG |
| Carver et al., 2006 | Breast | 163 | Optimism | – | QOL |
| Chambers et al., 2012 | Colorectal | 763 | Demographics | – | QOL |
| Chan et al., 2011 | Breast | 170 | Cognitive processing | – | PTG |
| Costanzo et al., 2009 | Various | 389 | – | – | Adjustment |
| Gall, 2004 | Prostate | 34 | Spirituality | – | QOL |
| Kraemer et al., 2011 | Breast | 139 | Coping | – | Adjustment |
| Kung et al., 2006 | Head, neck, thyroid | 190 | Optimism | – | QOL |
| Lelorain et al., 2012 | Breast | 28 | Coping, social support | PTG | |
| Levine et al., 2009 | Breast | 175 | Spirituality | Reduced distress, QOL, social support | |
| Lopez-Class et al., 2011 | Breast | 28 | – | – | QOL |
| Survivorship | |||||
| Loprinzi et al., 2011 | Breast | 20 | – | – | QOL, reduced distress |
| Low et al., 2006 | Breast | 538 | Coping | Growth, QOL, reduced distress | |
| Marcus et al., 2010 | Breast | 304 | – | – | Growth, QOL, reduced distress |
| Mizuno et al., 2011 | GI | 25 | – | – | QOL |
| Mols et al., 2009 | Breast | 183 | – | – | Growth |
| Morrill et al., 2008 | Breast | 161 | PTG | – | QOL, reduced distress |
| Mosher et al., 2009 | Breast, prostate, colorectal | 753 | Demographics | – | QOL |
| Park & Fenster, 2004 | Various | 167 | – | PTG | Positive psychological functioning, spirituality |
| Perkins et al., 2007 | Breast | 127 | Inner strength, optimism, social support, spirituality | – | Positive psychological functioning, QOL, reduced distress |
| Petersen et al., 2008 | Breast | 268 | Optimism | – | QOL |
| Pudrovska et al., 2010 | Various | 497 | Demographics | – | Growth |
| Sabiston et al., 2007 | Breast | 20 | – | – | Positive psychological functioning |
| Salsman et al., 2009 | Colorectal | 55 | Cognitive processing | – | Growth |
| Schmidt et al., 2012 | Various | 5 | Coping, social support, spirituality | – | Growth |
| Schroevers et al., 2010 | Various | 206 | Social support | – | Growth |
| Stanton, Danoff-Burg, & Huggins, 2002 | Breast | 70 | Coping | – | Positive psychological functioning, reduced distress |
| Stanton, Danoff-Burg, Sworowski, et al., 2002 | Ovarian | 200 | – | – | QOL |
| Stanton et al., 2000 | Breast | 92 | Coping | – | QOL, positive psychological functioning |
| Stanton et al., 2005 | Breast | 558 | – | – | QOL, reduced distress |
| Tallman et al., 2010 | Hematologic | 25 | Demographics, optimism, social support | – | Growth, QOL, reduced distress |
| Tessier et al., 2012 | Breast | 321 | – | – | QOL |
| Thornton et al., 2012 | Lung | 118 | Positive coping | – | Growth |
| Thornton & Perez, 2006 | Prostate | 106 | – | – | Growth |
| Wenzel et al., 2002 | Ovarian | 49 | Spirituality | – | QOL |
| Widows et al., 2005 | Hematologic | 72 | Coping, demographics | – | Growth |
| Survivorship | |||||
| Zebrack et al., 2008 | Breast, prostate, colorectal, lymphoma | 193 | Demographics | – | QOL |
| Zucca et al., 2010 | Various | 863 | Social support | – | Coping |
| Zucca et al., 2012 | Various | 863 | – | – | QOL |
| End of Life | |||||
| Cavers et al., 2012 | Brain | 26 | Hope | Medical experience, social support, spirituality | Adjustment, QOL, positive psychological functioning, social support |
| Lipsman et al., 2007 | Brain | 29 | – | Medical experience | Adjustment, growth, QOL |
GI—gastrointestinal; PTG—post-traumatic growth; QOL—quality of life