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. 2014 May;143(5):645–656. doi: 10.1085/jgp.201311036

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© 2014 Pless et al.

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Figure 1. — Highly conserved acidic and aromatic side chains in the VSDs of voltage-gated ion channels. (A) Sequence alignment of S1, S2, and S3 segments of different voltage-gated ion channels: Na_v1.4, NavAb, and Shaker potassium channels. The S2 HC is highlighted in green; negatively charged side chains in the ENC and the INC are highlighted in red. (B) Structure of the Na_vAb VSD (Protein Data Bank accession no. 3RVY; Payandeh et al., 2011). The conserved S4 arginines, as well as conserved acidic and aromatic side chains in S2 and S3, are shown in stick representation (note that S1 was omitted for clarity).