Figure 3.

Curcumin normalizes cytokine-producing effector T-cell populations in tumor-bearing hosts. (a) Typical flow cytometric patterns for IFN-γ- and IL-4-producing CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells in the peripheral circulation of mice. Graphical representation of flow cytometric data of intracellular IFN-γ (b), IL-4 (c) and type 2 cytokine bias ratio (d) in CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells from the peripheral circulation (left panels), lymph-node (middle panels) and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (right panels) of the untreated or curcumin-treated tumor-bearing and normal mice. Graphical values are mean±SEM of five independent experiments. *P<0.001 when compared with respective untreated/normal controls. IFN, interferon.