Table 1. Patients' characteristics. Data are expressed in numbers or mean±SD.
| HRnormal (n=168) | HRreduced (n=31) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 64.0±8.5 | 65.5±9.6 | 0.361 |
| Sex: male | 120 (71%) | 20 (65%) | 0.439 |
| Body surface area (m2) | 1.72±0.17 | 1.68±0.19 | 0.199 |
| MI within 1 week | 6 (3.6%) | 3 (9.7%) | 0.149 |
| MI within 1 month | 12 (7.1%) | 4 (12.9%) | 0.224 |
| Preoperative medications | |||
| β-blockers | 97 (57.7%) | 14 (45.2%) | 0.136 |
| ACE inhibitors | 57 (33.9%) | 9 (29.0%) | 0.379 |
| ARB | 48 (28.6%) | 8 (25.8%) | 0.470 |
| Calcium channel blockers | 72 (42.9%) | 19 (61.3%) | 0.058 |
| α and β blockers | 44 (26.2%) | 8 (25.8%) | 0.580 |
| Sigmart | 102 (60.7%) | 19 (61.3%) | 0.559 |
| Aspirin | 138 (82.1%) | 24 (77.4%) | 0.779 |
| Clopidogrel | 129 (76.8%) | 25 (80.6%) | 0.490 |
| Intravenous heparin | 50 (29.8%) | 11 (35.5%) | 0.525 |
| LVEF (%) | 56±13 | 53±14 | 0.192 |
| LVEDD (mm) | 50±5 | 52±7 | 0.064 |
| Grade of MR ≥2 | 7 (4.2%) | 2 (6.5%) | 0.633 |
| NYHA ≤2 | 152 (90.5%) | 29 (93.5%) | 0.744 |
| NYHA ≥3 | 16 (9.5 %) | 2 (6.5%) | 0.744 |
| Diseased vessel numbers | 2.7±0.5 | 2.9±0.3 | 0.087 |
HRnormal, normal heparin responsiveness; HRreduced, reduced heparin responsiveness; MI within 1 week, myocardial infarction within 1 week prior to the surgery; MI within 1 month, myocardial infarction within 1 month prior to the surgery; ACE, angiotensin converting enzyme; ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker; Intravenous heparin, preoperative intravenous heparin administration; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; LVEDD, left ventricle end-diastolic diameter; MR, mitral regurgitation; NYHA, New York Heart Association Classification.