Table 1.

Contributions Toward Establishing an Immune and Infection Association with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and Tics^a

	Pros	Cons	Inconclusive
Group A Streptococcus association	Kirvan et al. (2006), Mell et al. (2005), Muller et al. (2001), Murphy and Pichichero (2002), Swedo et al. (1998), Church et al. (2002), Murphy et al. (2007), Guerrero et al. (2003), Cardona and Orefici (2001)	Luo et al. (2004), Kurlan et al. (2008)	Perrin et al. (2004), Peterson et al. (2000)
ABGA	Church et al. (2003), Dale et al. (2005), Kiessling (1993), Martino et al. (2005), Pavone et al. (2004), Rizzo et al. (2006), Singer et al. (1998), Hoekstra et al. (2002)	Loiselle et al. (2004), Singer et al. (2005), Singer, Mink et al. (2005)	Morer et al. (2008), Murphy et al. (1997)
Immune treatment	Elia et al. (2005), Heubi and Shott (2003), Orvidas and Slattery (2001), Perlmutter et al. (1999), Selling (1929), Snider et al. (2005)	Hoekstra et al. (2004), Nicolson et al. (2000)	Garvey et al. (1999)
Immune markers	Black et al. (1998), Leckman et al. (2005), Monteleone et al. (1998), Morshed et al. (2001), Carpenter et al. (2002), Denys et al. (2004), Ravindran (1999), Mercadante et al. (2000), Kansy et al. (2006), Kawikova (2007), Roy et al. (1994)	Carpenter et al. (2002), Morer et al. (2005)	Luo et al. (2004)
D8/17	Murphy et al. (1997), Mittleman et al. (1997), Chapman et al. (1998), Hoekstra et al. (2002)	Inoff-Germain et al. (2003), Hamilton et al. (2003), Eisen et al. (2001)	Weisz et al. (2004), Murphy et al. (2001)
Animal studies	Hallett et al. (2000), Hoffman et al. (2004), Taylor et al. (2002).	Loiselle et al. (2004), Singer, Mink et al. (2005)
Genetics	Lougee et al. (2000), Zai et al. (2004)	Huang et al. (2004)
Non-Group A Streptococcus pathogens	Allen et al. (1995), Khanna et al. (1997), Budman et al. (1997), Muller et al. (2004), Muller (2001), Giulino et al. (2002), Singer et al. (2000)

^aA comprehensive summary is not given because of limitations of space.