Table 2.

Mean rating by payback category and type of research

Payback category	Basic biomedical research	Clinical research
Knowledge production	5.4	4.4
Benefits for future research and research use	5.3	4.6
Informing policy and product development	2.5	4.9
Health and health sector benefits	1.9	4.0
Broader economic benefits	1.1	1.2

Each case study was rated for each payback category by all of the 9 raters on a scale of 0-9.