VP16 transport and IC4 expression. (a) These assays examined the effects of retrocyclin 2 or HNPs 1 to 3 on VP16 transport to the nucleus and ICP4 expression after infection with HSV-2(G). Peptides were added during the 4°C binding period or at the temperature shift. After 4 h, nuclear extracts were prepared for VP16, and after 5 h, cell lysates were prepared for ICP4 expression. Lanes contained extracts or lysates from equivalent cell numbers, and VP16, ICP4, and β-actin (loading control) were detected by Western blotting. (b) To examine the effect on binding, cells were exposed to recombinant gB-2 (10−5 μg/cell) for 1 h at 37°C ± the indicated concentration of retrocyclin 2. Bound gB-2 was estimated by probing Western blots of cell lysates with anti-gB monoclonal antibody. Results are representative of three independent experiments.